Sea bass
Sea bass | ||||||||||||
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Embiotocidae | ||||||||||||
Agassiz , 1853 |
The surf perch (Embiotocidae) live with 13 genera and 24 species in the coastal regions of the North Pacific, most of them in the east from California to Alaska . In the west, two species live on the west coast of Japan and the south coast of Korea ( Ditrema and Neoditrema ). With two exceptions, they are residents of the shallow surf zones. Zalembius rosaceus lives on the California coast to a depth of 300 meters. Hysterocarpus traskii lives in fresh water (in rivers of California).
features
Surf perch are flattened on the sides, high-backed or oval and are 13 to 47 centimeters long, but most of them are less than 25 centimeters long. The lateral line organ is complete and extends in a high arc over the pectoral fins . The hard-nosed and soft-nosed dorsal fin have grown together, the rays of the hard-nosed are usually shorter than those of the soft-nosed. The caudal fin is forked, the scales are cycloid . Many surf perches are silvery or brightly colored, the color and pattern often change during the breeding season, or young fish and adult animals are colored differently.
Fin formula : dorsal VI – XI / 19–28, anal III / 15–35
The only exception is Hysterocarpus traskii , whose dorsal fin has 15 to 19 hard rays.
Reproduction
The surf perch are viviparous. In the males, the front part of the anal fin is thickened and transformed into a mating organ for internal fertilization. Usually 3 to 10 relatively large fry are born per litter. In some species, the newborn males become sexually active immediately after birth.
Systematics
There are 24 species in 13 genera:
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Amphistichus Agassiz , 1854 .
- Amphistichus argenteus Agassiz, 1854 .
- Amphistichus koelzi ( Hubbs , 1933) .
- Amphistichus rhodoterus (Agassiz, 1854) .
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Brachyistius Gill , 1862 .
- Brachyistius aletes (Tarp, 1952) .
- Brachyistius frenatus Gill, 1862 .
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Cymatogaster Gibbons , 1854 .
- Cymatogaster aggregata Gibbons, 1854 .
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Ditrema Temminck & Schlegel , 1844 .
- Ditrema jordani Franz , 1910 .
- Ditrema temminckii Bleeker , 1853 .
- Ditrema viride Oshima, 1940 .
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Embiotoca Agassiz, 1853 .
- Embiotoca caryi Agassiz, 1853 .
- Embiotoca jacksoni Agassiz, 1853 .
- Embiotoca lateralis Agassiz, 1854 .
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Hypocritichthys Gill, 1862
- Hypocritichthys anal (Agassiz, 1861) .
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Hyperprosopon Gibbons, 1854 .
- Hyperprosopon argenteum Gibbons, 1854 .
- Hyperprosopon ellipticum (Gibbons, 1854) .
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Hysterocarpus Gibbons, 1854 .
- Hysterocarpus traskii Gibbons, 1854 .
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Micrometrus Gibbons, 1854 .
- Micrometrus aurora ( Jordan & Gilbert , 1880) .
- Micrometrus minimus (Gibbons, 1854) .
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Neoditrema Steindachner , 1883 .
- Neoditrema ransonnetii Steindachner, 1883 .
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Phanerodon Girard , 1854 .
- Phanerodon atripes (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880) .
- Phanerodon furcatus Girard, 1854 .
- Phanerodon vacca (Girard, 1855) .
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Rhacochilus Agassiz, 1854 .
- Rhacochilus toxotes Agassiz, 1854 .
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Zalembius Jordan & Evermann , 1896 .
- Zalembius rosaceus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880) .
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
- Eschmeyer, Herald, Hamann: Pacific Coast Fishes , Peterson Field Guides, ISBN 0-395-33188-9 .
- Fred Harald Tarp: A Revision of the Family Embiotocidae (The Surfperches). on-line
Individual evidence
- ↑ Longo, GC, Bernardi, G. & Lea, RN (2018): Taxonomic revisions within Embiotocidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) based on molecular phylogenetics. Zootaxa , 4482 (3): 591-596. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4482.3.10
Web links
- Sea bass on Fishbase.org (English)