Brown-tailed macilia

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Brown-tailed macilia
Brown-tailed Mazilie (Amazilia tzacatl)

Brown- tailed Mazilie ( Amazilia tzacatl )

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Amazilia hummingbirds ( Amazilia )
Type : Brown-tailed macilia
Scientific name
Amazilia tzacatl
( De la Llave , 1833)

The brown- tailed mazilia ( Amazilia tzacatl ) is a species of bird in the hummingbird family . It occurs from Mexico to Colombia and northwestern Venezuela .

features

The plumage of the brown-tailed macilia is predominantly brownish in color. The eyes are dark. The body length is 10 centimeters. As is typical for hummingbirds, the beak is two centimeters long in relation to its body size and has a brownish reddish color. Females are similar to males, but have individual gray feathers on their throats and breasts.

behavior

The brown-tailed macilia is a free breeder. The nesting material consists of cobwebs, cotton or short hemp threads. The female lays two eggs. The incubation period is 18 days. This hummingbird species, which is considered robust, has already been bred in captivity.

Subspecies

Distribution area of ​​the brown-tailed Amazilie

Five subspecies of the species are known so far.

  • Amazilia tzacatl tzacatl ( de la Llave , 1833) - The nominate form occurs from eastern central Mexico to central Panama.
  • Amazilia tzacatl handleyi Wetmore , 1963 - This subspecies is common on the island of Escudo de Veraguas .
  • Amazilia tzacatl fuscicaudata ( Fraser , 1840) - This subspecies occurs in northern Colombia to western Venezuela.
  • Amazilia tzacatl brehmi Weller & Schuchmann , 1999 - This subspecies occurs in the Departamento de Nariño in southwest Colombia.
  • Amazilia tzacatl jucunda ( Heine , 1863) - This subspecies is common in western Colombia and western Ecuador.

Etymology and history of research

Pablo de la Llave described the species under the name Trochilus Tzacatl . The type specimen came from Mexico. It was later assigned to the genus Amazilia . This name comes from a novella by Jean-François Marmontel , who told of an Inca heroine named Amazili in Les Incas, Ou La Destruction De L'empire Du Pérou . The specific epithet »tzacatl« is the name of a Toltec warrior who came to Mexico from the west with Chalcatzin, Ehecatzin, Cohuatzon, Tzihuac-Cohuatl, Tlapalmetzotzin and Metzotzin. "Handleyi" is dedicated to the American zoologist Charles Overton Handley, Jr. (1924–2000). »Brehmi« is dedicated to the president and founder of the Brehm Fund for International Bird Conservation, Wolf W. Brehm . “Jucunda” is derived from the Latin “iucundus, iuvare” for “delightful, charming, delighted”. The "fuscicaudata" is a Latin structure from "fuscus" for "brown" and "-caudatus, cauda" for "-tailed, tail".

The common names Rieffer's Hummingbird and l'Ariane de Rieffer are occasionally found in English and French . This goes back to an article by Jules Bourcier in the Revue zoologique par la Société cuviérienne from 1843. In his article he wrote:

" Nous avons dédié cette espèce à M. Rieffer, voyageur dans cette partie de L'Amérique méridionale, qui, le premier, a rapporté de riches collections d'oiseaux de différents genres. (German: We dedicate this species to Mr. Rieffer, a traveler in this part of South America who was the first to bring a considerable collection of birds of different species .) "

For a long time, Bourcier's name was applied to this species in science, as de la Llave's publication was probably not known in Europe. For example, John Gould named them Rieffer's Amazili ( Amazilia riefferi ) or Jean Louis Cabanis and Ferdinand Heine Pyrrhophaena Riefferi in his drawings . Ultimately, it turned out that Pablo de la Llave had already described the species in 1833. Thus, according to the International Rules for Zoological Nomenclature, tzacatl has priority as the oldest available name.

literature

  • Bo Beolens, Michael Watkins: Whose Bird? Common Bird Names and the People They Commemorate. Yale University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-300-10359-X , p. 287.
  • Edward S. Gruson: Words for Birds. Quadrangle Books, 1972, p. 161.
  • Alexander Frank Skutch : The life history of Rieffer's Hummingbird (Amazilia tzacatl tzacatl) in Panama and Honduras . In: The Auk . tape 48 , no. 4 , 1931, p. 481–500 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 1,2 MB ; accessed on July 9, 2014]).
  • Pablo de la Llave: Zoologia . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , 1833, p. 39-50 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 8, 2014]).
  • Louis Fraser: Mr. Fraser pointed out the characters of several new species of Humming-Birds, which have been placed in his hands by the Earl of Derby for that purpose, and they may exhibited at one of the Society's meetings . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 8 , no. 86 , 1840, pp. 14-19 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 9, 2014]).
  • Alexander Wetmore: Additions to records of birds known from the Republic of Panamá . In: Smithsonian miscellaneous collections . tape 145 , no. 6 , 1963, pp. 1–11 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 9, 2014]).
  • Ferdinand Heine junior: Trochilidica . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 11 , no. 63 , 1863, pp. 173–216 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 9, 2014]).
  • André-Alexander Weller , Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann : Geographical variation in the southern distributional range of the Rufous-tailed Hummingbird, Amazilia tzacatl De la Llave, 1832: a new subspecies from Nariño, southwestern Colombia . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 140 , no. 4 , 1999, p. 457-466 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01650990 .
  • Jules Bourcier: Oiseaux-mouches nouveaux . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 5 , 1843, p. 99-104 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 8, 2014]).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • René Primevère Lesson , Prosper Garnot: Voyage autour du monde exécuté par Ordre du Roi, sur la Corvette de Sa Majesté, La Coquille pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825, sous le ministère et conformément aux instructions de SEM Marquis de Clermont- Tonnerre, ministre de la marine; et publié sou les auspices de son excellence Mgr le Cte ​​de Chabrol, ministre de la Marine et des colonies, par ML Dupppery, capitaine de frégate. chevalier de Saint-Louis et membre de la legion d'honaire, commandant de l'expédition . tape 1 : Zoology , No. 2 . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris 1828 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 10, 2014]).

Web links

Commons : Braunschwanz-Amazilie  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  2. a b c Pablo de la Llave, p. 48
  3. Alexander Wetmore, p. 3
  4. Louis Fraser, p. 17
  5. ^ André-Alexander Weller u. a., p. 460
  6. Ferdinand Heine junior, p. 188
  7. René Primevère Lesson u. a. (1827), p. 683 (plate 3)
  8. Pablo de la Llave, pp. 44–45 (footnotes)
  9. Alexander Wetmore, p. 11 (cited literature)
  10. ^ André-Alexander Weller u. a., p. 461
  11. James A. Jobling, p. 212
  12. James A. Jobling, p. 167
  13. Jules Bourcier, p. 103