Brunfelsia bonodora
| Brunfelsia bonodora | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brunfelsia bonodora |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Brunfelsia bonodora | ||||||||||||
| ( Vell. ) JFMacbr. |
Brunfelsia bonodora is a species from the Franciscea section of the genus Brunfelsia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Brunfelsia bonodora is a 1 to 2 meter high shrub. The branches are ascending, protruding, not leafy and hairless. The bark is thin and light brown in color. The twigs are also hairless or can be sparsely downy, they are grayish brown in color. The leaves stand along the branches, their leaf blades are firmly membrane-like, 5 to 14.5 inches long and 2 to 5 inches wide. The shape is narrowly elliptical to lanceolate, pointed towards the front, blunt to wedge-shaped at the base. Both sides are usually hairless, occasionally a downy hairiness can appear on the underside along the midrib. The top is glossy dark green, the underside is pale green. From the midrib, five to eight pairs of side veins go out, which are more or less curved. The petiole is 2 to 6 millimeters long, slender and hairless.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences form a 3 to 8 millimeter long inflorescence axis, are terminal, are compact and unbranched. They consist of three to 15 fragrant flowers that are blue at first but later fade white. The inflorescences are rarely reduced to just one or two flowers. The non-permanent bracts accompanying the flowers are 2 to 12 millimeters long, lanceolate and hairless or hairy with fine downy hair.
The flower stalks are 6 to 12 millimeters long, slender and slightly thickened at the tip. The sepals are fused into a 11 to 14 millimeter long and 5 millimeter diameter, tubular-bell-shaped to bell-shaped calyx. It is hairless, tightly membrane-like and veined with streaky veins, it is rarely a little bloated. The calyx teeth are 3 to 4 millimeters long, triangular to ovoid, pointed to blunt towards the front, rarely tapering to a point. On the fruit, the calyx becomes up to 15 millimeters long and partially envelops the fruit, it becomes almost leathery and inconspicuously veined. At 17 to 25 millimeters, the corolla tube is about twice as long as the chalice. It measures 2 millimeters in diameter and is hairless or sparsely hairy. The crown hem measures 20 to 30 millimeters in diameter, it stands straight and protruding. The corolla lobes are rounded to elongated, slightly cut off or rounded at the tip, rarely curved. They overlap on the sides and are suddenly tapered at the base.
The stamens start in the upper half of the corolla tube. The stamens are about 4 millimeters long and almost ribbon-shaped. The anthers are 1.5 millimeters long and kidney-shaped. The ovary is 1.5 millimeters long and is ovoid-conical. It has a slender stylus that is so long that the scar is level with the anthers. The scar is 1 millimeter long, easily divided into two, the upper part is slightly larger.
Fruits and seeds
The fruit is a capsule 8 millimeters long and 6 to 8 millimeters in diameter . It is ovoid-top-shaped, tapering to the front, smooth and has a thin pericarp . It dries up like a crust and hardly cracks open. It contains about five seeds .
Occurrence and locations
The species occurs mainly in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro , but also in the state of São Paulo . It only grows in coastal, mountainous rainforests at altitudes of up to 700 meters.
Botanical history
The species was in 1829 by da Conceição Vellozo José Mariano in his work " Florae Fluminensis " under the name Besleria bono dora first described . The description of Vellozo is very brief, but is supplemented by a sketchy illustration. Since no herbarium specimens Vellozos are known, this illustration is considered Lektotypus of Art. In 1846, the kind of is George Bentham as the Brunfelsia considered to belong, but incorrectly as a synonym for Brunfelsia latifolia counted. In 1930, James Francis Macbride initially assumed that the name Vellozos was unjustifiably viewed by Bentham as invalid and established Brunfelsia bonodora as a valid name for a species in the range according to Bentham's understanding. In the "Flora of Peru", published in 1962, he still uses Brunfelsia bonodora as the official name for Brunfelsia latifolia , but mentions that some collections that have been assigned to the species probably represent a new species. This division is later made by Timothy Plowman in "A Revision of the South American Species of Brunfelsia (Solanaceae)". He describes a species as Brunfelsia latifolia that occurs mainly in sandy residual gas around the city of Rio de Janeiro . The name Brunfelsia bonodora is used by Plowman, in accordance with the description and drawing of Vellozo, for collections collected mainly from mountains in the state of Rio de Janeiro .
proof
Main sources
- Timothy C. Plowman (Author), Sandra Knapp, JR Press (Ed.): A Revision of the South American Species of Brunfelsia (Solanaceae) . Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago August 1998, ISBN 978-9998104693 . (Fieldiana Botany, New Series, No. 39).
Individual evidence
- ↑ James Francis Macbride: Peruvian Solanaceae. In: Spermatophytes, Mostly Peruvian II , Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, Volume VIII, Number 2, 1930. pp. 105-112.
- ↑ James Francis Macbride: Brunfelsia bonodora In: Flora Of Peru , Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, Volume XIII, Part VB, Number 1, 1962. pp. 152-153.
