Bruno von Freyberg

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Bruno von Freyberg (born March 22, 1894 in Cottbus ; † June 3, 1981 in Erlangen ) was a German geologist, paleontologist and historian of science.

Life

He came from the old south German noble family of Freyberg . After graduating from high school in 1914, Bruno von Freyberg began to study natural sciences in Halle (Saale) in Schleusingen . During the First World War he volunteered in 1914, was wounded twice and was taken prisoner of war by the Russians, from which he was exchanged after he lost an arm. He then studied geography, geology, paleontology and philosophy at the University of Munich and the University of Halle , where he was assistant to Johannes Walther and received his doctorate in 1919 (The structure of the lower corrugated limestone in the Thuringian Basin). In 1919 he became a member of the German Geological Society . In 1922 he qualified as a professor (The sub-Silurian iron ore deposits of the East Thuringian slate mountains, their fauna and stratigraphic position).

In 1928 he became an associate professor for practical geology at the University of Tübingen . From 1925 to 1930 he made four research trips to South America (including the iron ore deposits of Minas Gerais in Brazil). In 1932/33 he also taught at the TH Stuttgart , before he became full professor and director of the geological-mineralogical institute at the University of Erlangen in 1933 .

In 1941 he was assigned to the Wehrmacht as a military geologist . Two years later he was transferred to occupied Greece . To the north of Athens he was supposed to investigate the geology and coal deposits there and oversee the expansion of air defense stations and bunkers. When building a bunker for anti-aircraft guns in July 1944, the workers recovered fossils from the red siltstone , among which Freyberg identified a lower jaw of a monkey . Due to the war, he was only able to document the geological conditions in the area and ask the staff to recover the bones. Before the Wehrmacht withdrew in September 1944, he sent these finds to the expert Willhelm Otto Dietrich in Berlin, who identified eleven animal species, but he was wrong about the lower jaw because he called it a dog monkey ( Mesopithecus pentelicus ). It was not until 1969 that the paleoanthropologist Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald discovered that it was a new, extinct species of great ape which he named in honor of the discoverer and after the place where it was found: Graecopithecus freybergi .

After the Second World War and the Nazi dictatorship, he was only able to resume his professorship in Erlangen after an interruption because he had successfully mastered the denazification process (from 1921 to 1924 he was a member of the Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten and from 1933 a member of the NSDAP ).

He also dealt with geological history.

honors and awards

Fonts

  • Ore and mineral deposits in the Thuringian Forest, Borntraeger 1923
  • The tertiary land surfaces in Thuringia, Borntraeger 1923 Archive
  • The Geological Exploration of Thuringia in Older Times: A Contribution to the History of Geology up to 1843, Borntraeger 1932
  • Results of geological research in Minas Geraes, New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geology and Paleontology, Special Volume 2, 1932
  • The red-shell limestone boundary near Eisfeld (Thuringia) and in the Schalkau shell limestone plateau. Geological and Palaeontological Treatises, New Series Volume 19, Issue 3, Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena 1932
  • The mineral resources of the state of Minas Geraes (Brazil), Swiss beard 1934
  • Thuringia: Geological history and landscape. Writings of the German Natural History Association, New Series Volume 5, Hohenlohe'sche Buchhandlung Ferdinand Rau, Öhringen 1937
  • On the stratigraphy and facies of the Doggersandstein and its seams, Munich 1951
  • Johann Gottlob Lehmann (1719–1767) a doctor, chemist, metallurgist, miner, mineralogist and basic geologist, Erlangen 1955
  • The Coburg sandstone (Mittlerer Keuper) from Zeil-Ebelsbach as an example of an epicontinental layer sequence. Erlanger Geol. Abh., 58: 60 p .; Erlangen 1965
  • The Keupersammlung Kehl, Geol. Bl. NO-Bayern, 15, Erlangen 1965, pp. 151–166
  • Overview of the Malm of the Altmühl-Alb, Erlangen 1968
  • Tectonic map of the Franconian Alb and its surroundings, Erlangen 1969
  • The first geological exploration phase of Middle Franconia (1840–1847); a collection of letters on the history of geology. Explained by Bruno v. Freyberg, Erlangen 1972
  • The geological literature on Northeast Bavaria (1476–1965) Part II: Biographical Author Register, Geologica Bavarica 71, Bavarian Geological State Office 1974
  • New research results from the Keuper and Lias von Erlangen, Erlanger Geologische Abhandlungen, Volume 102, 1975, addendum in Volume 109, 1980

literature

  • On the geology of northeast Bavaria. Bruno von Freyberg on his 70th birthday , Bavarian Geological State Office 1964

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Membership directory of the German Geological Society March 1921
  2. ↑ Braun, Rüdiger 1938-, Breier, Florian, Gibler, Nadine, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag Munich: How we became: A criminal search for traces of the origins of mankind - spectacular finds . Original edition. Munich, ISBN 978-3-453-20718-9 .
  3. ↑ Member entry of Bruno von Freyberg at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on December 30, 2015.
  4. ↑ Member entry of Bruno von Freyberg at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on February 3, 2016.
  5. ↑ GHR von Koenigswald : A lower jaw of a fossil hominoid from the Lower Pliocene of Greece. In: Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series B. Volume 75, 1972, pp. 385-394
personal data
SURNAME Freyberg, Bruno von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 22, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH cottbus
DATE OF DEATH 3rd June 1981
Place of death gain