Gross amount

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Gross amount

Bruttium is the old name for the landscape in the extreme south of the Italian boot, which roughly coincides with today's Calabria . Bounded in the north by Lucania , the peninsula is washed by the Tyrrhenian Sea in the west and the Ionian Sea in the south and east. The Apennines cover the interior with the mountain ranges of Pollino , Sila and Aspromonte . Cities were Consentia (capital, today's Cosenza ), Kroton , Sybaris , Hipponium , Rhegium , Lokroi Epizephyrioi , Scylaceum and Medma . The inhabitants of the region, the Bruttier (Bruttii), are said to have been renegade Lucanians and therefore received their name, which is said to have meant "rebels" in the local language.

From the 8th century BC The Greek Poleis (see Magna Graecia ) formed in the coastal plains expanded and founded new planting cities . In the interior of the country, however, still lived the brutes. Along with the Samnites , who inhabited the mountainous interior of Italy further to the north, brutal tribes conquered in the early 3rd century BC. Chr. Some of the Greek cities on the coasts. As allies of Pyrrhus , they were finally defeated by the Romans , who then occupied large parts of Bruttium. In the Second Punic War (218–201 BC) the Bruttians were allies of Hannibal , and after his defeat, their country finally lost its independence to the Roman Empire. The Greek Poleis had a similar experience. At first the brutish language disappeared, later Greek was largely replaced by Latin. In the 6th century AD, after the decline of Western Rome , the region finally became part of the Byzantine Empire , to which southern Italy would belong for several centuries. During this time, the Greek language also spread again in the region.

In addition to southern Italian dialects, which are already part of Sicilian in the extreme south , and some Tuscan Arbëresh dialects, Greek dialects are still spoken in some smaller towns today .

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