3rd century BC Chr.
Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar
◄ |
2nd mill. Chr. |
1st millennium BC Chr. |
◄ |
5th century BC Chr. |
4th century BC Chr. |
3rd century BC Chr. |
2nd century BC Chr. |
1st century BC Chr. |
►
290 BC Chr. |
280s BC Chr. |
270 BC Chr. |
260s BC Chr. |
250 BC Chr. |
240s BC Chr. |
230s BC Chr. |
220s BC Chr. |
210s BC Chr. |
200s BC Chr.
The 3rd century BC Chr. Began on January 1, v 300th Chr. And ending December 31, v two hundred and first Chr.
Age / Epoch
Antiquity , the Hellenistic period
While the Diadochi in the Near East continue to fight for the legacy of Alexander the Great , Rome becomes a hegemonic power in the Mediterranean.
In China the emperor succeeds for the first time in establishing the unity of the country.
Events / developments
Europe
- Timaeus of Tauromenion probably introduces the oldest Greek calendar , based on the Olympiads .
- Bordeaux is founded as a Celtic settlement under the name Burdigala .
- 279 BC BC : Celts invade Greece and plunder the Sanctuary of Delphi .
- 279 BC BC: King Pyrrhos I of Epirus ( 318 BC - 272 BC ) triumphs in the battle of Asculum (the so-called Pyrrhus victory ).
- 273 BC BC : First embassy exchange between Alexandria and Rome
- 267 BC BC - 261 BC Chr . : Chremonideic War ; Decline of Ptolemaic naval rule in the Aegean Sea
- 264 BC BC - 241 BC BC : First Punic War between Rome and Carthage
- 225 BC BC - 222 BC BC : Rome fights against Celts , land reclamation on the Po .
- 218 BC Chr. - 201 BC BC : The Second Punic War between Romans and Carthage begins with Hannibal's march across the Alps to Italy.
Asia and Africa
- The Mongolian Hsiung-nu , possibly from Manchuria , settled in what is now Mongolia as horsemen and cattle-ranching nomads.
- 253 BC BC : The third council of the Buddhist monastic community takes place in Pataliputra (today Patna) under the patronage of King Ashoka and the presidency of the monk Moggaliputta Tissa .
- 221 BC Chr. One- Qin Shi Huang rival dynasties of Imperial China , becoming the first emperor of China. After his death the power of his dynasty declines; For a short time China is sinking into civil war again. The official Liu Bang calls himself 202 BC. Became emperor and founded the Han dynasty . This marked the beginning of a cultural and political heyday for China.
- 217 BC BC : Ptolemy IV defeats the troops of the Seleucids Antiochus III with the help of native Egyptians .
Personalities
Born
- around 287 BC BC : Archimedes of Syracuse , important Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer († 212 BC )
- around 276 BC Chr . : Eratosthenes of Cyrene , Greek polymath and director of the library of Alexandria († 194 BC )
- around 262 BC BC : Apollonios von Perge , Greek mathematician († around 190 BC)
- 259 BC BC : Qin Shihuangdi , founder of the Chinese Empire and builder of the Great Wall of China († 210 BC )
- 257 BC BC : Aristophanes of Byzantium , Greek philologist and director of the library of Alexandria († 180 BC )
- around 247 BC Chr .: Hannibal , Carthaginian general († 183 BC )
- 242 BC BC : Antiochus III. , called Antiochus the Great, ruler of the Seleucid Empire († 187 BC )
- 236 BC BC : Scipio Africanus , Roman general and statesman († 183 BC )
- 234 BC Chr . : Marcus Porcius Cato , called Cato the Elder , Roman general, historian and politician († 149 BC )
- around 216 BC BC : Aristarchus of Samothrace , Greek historian and director of the library of Alexandria († 144 BC )
Died
- around 289 BC BC : Mengzi , Chinese philosopher (* around 370 BC)
- 272 BC BC : Pyrrhos I , king of Epirus (* around 318 BC)
- around 270 BC BC : Epicurus , Greek philosopher (* around 341 BC)
- around 260 BC BC : Zenodotos of Ephesus , Greek philologist, first director of the library of Alexandria (* around 325 BC)
- around 240 BC Chr .: Callimachus of Cyrene , Greek writer and scholar (* around 305 BC)
- around 230 BC BC : Aristarchos of Samos , Greek astronomer (* around 310 BC)
- 212 BC BC : Archimedes , Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer (* around 287 BC)
- 211 BC BC : Publius Cornelius Scipio , Roman general and statesman
Inventions and discoveries
- The Chinese Emperor Qin Shihuangdi starts building the Great Wall of China .
- The Greek engineer Ktesibios developed spring catapults, plunger syringes, water clocks with gear gears and water organs .
- around 250 BC BC : Eratosthenes determines the circumference of the earth .
- Erection of the Colossus of Rhodes , a statue of the sun god Helios at the entrance to the port of Rhodes , one of the seven wonders of the world ; becomes 227 BC Chr. In an earthquake destroyed (according to other sources 226 v. Chr. Or 224 v. Chr.).
- Sostratos of Knidos built the lighthouse of Pharos , one of the seven wonders of the world (299 BC - 279 BC).
- Archimedes of Syracuse established the laws of levers , developed the pulley system , found the law of hydrostatic buoyancy and formulated the concept of specific weight .
- 221 BC BC - 207 BC BC : In the Qin Dynasty , weights and measures are standardized in China.