Buchtienia
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Buchtienia is a plant genus in the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The only four species are native to tropical South America.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Buchtienia species are perennial herbaceous plants , they are relatively large orchids with heights of 1 to 1.5 meters. They grow terrestrially. The roots are in clusters, they are fusiform, bulbous, thickened and hairy. The leaves , which stand together in a basal rosette in pairs to five, are divided into a long petiole and a leaf blade. The simple leaf blades are oval and pointed at the ends.
Generative characteristics
The many-flowered, loose, racemose inflorescence is terminal and towers above the leaves. It is only hairy in the upper area or completely hairless. At intervals it is covered with bracts , which include the inflorescence axis. The bracts are lanceolate, sometimes slightly hairy. The flowers stand horizontally or point slightly upwards. The ovary is not stalked. The relatively small flowers are resupinated .
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The flowers are greenish to pink in color. The bracts are slightly hairy at their base. The dorsal sepal stands upright, it is partly fused with the column . The lateral sepals are spread apart, fused together at the base, they form a more or less two-part / paired sack with the base of the column. The petals are shorter than the dorsal sepal, the upper edge adheres to this, their base runs asymmetrically down the column foot. The lip is broadly wedge-shaped at its base, with two laterally thickened nectar glands, somewhat sagging, fused with the columnar foot and enclosed by the sack-like base of the lateral sepals. The front part of the lip is three-lobed, the side lobes stand upright, the tip is bent down. The column is short, hairless, slightly curved in an S-shape. At the base it is narrow with a short “foot” that extends asymmetrically over the ovary, then suddenly becomes wide. The column encloses the stamen with an urn-shaped or jug-shaped tissue (clinandrium). The scar consists of two connected surfaces, semicircular or oval, oriented transversely to the column axis, with a beaded edge. The separating tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is undivided, elongated, without folds, soft. The stamen is oval with a round, button-like elevation on the top. It contains the elongated oval pollinia , which is deeply divided into two longitudinal parts and which hang from a small round adhesive disc (Viscidium) without a stalk.
Occurrence
The range of the genus Buchtienia is in tropical South America. The few localities of the Buchtienia species are far apart in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. The species thrive at altitudes of 700 to 1400 meters. They grow in the shade of ever-moist forests.
Systematics and botanical history
The generic name Buchtienia honors Otto August Buchtien (1859-1946), a German teacher and botanist, director of the Museo National in la Paz.
The genus Buchtienia belongs to the subtribe Spiranthinae from the tribe Cranichideae in the subfamily Orchidoideae within the family Orchidaceae . The closer relationships are unknown.
The genus Buchtienia was established in 1929 by Rudolf Schlechter with the type species Buchtienia boliviensis . Leslie Garay described two more species in 1978. Szlachetko said in 1992 that these plants all belonged to the same species, while in 2003 Salazar believes the separation into three species is justified.
The four species of the genus Buchtienia :
- Buchtienia boliviensis Schltr. : It occurs from Peru to northern Paraguay.
- Buchtienia ecuadorensis Garay : It occurs only in Ecuador.
- Buchtienia nitida (Vell.) Fraga & Meneguzzo : It occurs in Brazil.
- Buchtienia rosea Garay : It occurs in Peru.
supporting documents
Most of the information in this article comes from:
- Leslie A. Garay: A generic revision of the Spiranthinae . In: Botanical Museum Leaflets of Harvard University . tape 28 , no. 4 , 1982, pp. 304-305 .
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 179-181 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ^ A b Rudolf Schlechter: Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis , Volume 27, 1929, p. 34.
- ↑ Dariusz L. Szlachetko: Genera and species of subtribe Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae). 3. Contribution to the revision of Buchtienia. In: Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica , Volume 37, 1992, p. 209
- ^ Gerardo Salazar: Buchtienia . In: Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae .
- ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Buchtienia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 8, 2016.