Breisach Castle
| Breisach Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Former Breisach Castle (excerpt from the Merian stitch) |
||
| Creation time : | 1150 to 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Wall remains, neck ditch | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Place: | Breisach on the Rhine | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 1 '57.9 " N , 7 ° 34' 38.2" E | |
| Height: | 198 m above sea level NHN | |
|
||
The Castle Breisach is the remains of a hilltop castle on 198 m above sea level. NHN at the northern end of the elongated Breisacher Munsterberg near the city of Breisach am Rhein in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district in Baden-Württemberg .
history
The castle, which was probably built by Berthold V. von Zähringen at the end of the 12th century, was expanded by the Habsburgs in 1294 and made an imperial castle in 1315 . In 1552, Emperor Charles V appointed Lazarus von Schwendi as bailiff, who continued to fortify the building until his death in 1583. The castle suffered damage during the siege of Breisach by Rheingraf Otto Ludwig in 1633 and as a result of the Battle of Wittenweiher in 1638.
After the French had crossed the Rhine on October 12, 1733 at the beginning of the War of the Polish Succession , Emperor Charles VI. pull together Austrian troops from Freiburg and other places in Breisach. The crew of the castle increased to 8000 men with 84 guns and was able to repel all attacks and sieges.
As in 1741 during the First Silesian War Maria Theresa not enough soldiers to defend the forts Philippsburg , Freiburg stood and Breisach available, they had the castle under the command of Rodt Christian grind . After it was blown up by the French around 1745, the last remains of the residential tower were removed in 1793.
description
The former castle had a rectangular Donjon with a height of 27 to 30 m, on an area of 24 by 17 meters and a wall thickness of 3 meters, a Palas and a moat having a width of 20 to 24 meters and a depth of 12 meters . Remnants of the wall and the ditch are still preserved from the complex. A model of the castle is exhibited in the city museum in the Rheintor.
In art
- Prospect of Vestung Breysach , pen drawing
literature
- Franz Xaver Kraus : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Volume 6, Tübingen 1904, pp. 7–9 ( digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library ).
- Max Miller (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). Kröner, Stuttgart 1965, DNB 456882928 .
- Johann Ehrenfried Reiff: Brief description of the city and Vestung Brysach . 1704 ( digitized version of the Halle University Library ).
- Joseph Schlippe : Breisach Castle . In: News sheet of the preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg , Vol. 2 No. 2, 1959 ( digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library ).
- Arthur Hauptmann: Castles then and now. Castles and castle ruins in southern Baden and neighboring areas, Volume 2. Verlag des Südkuriers, Konstanz 1987, ISBN 3-87799-075-4 , pp. 54–57.
Web links
- Entry for Breisach in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Breisach - Stadtburg at breisgau-burgen.de
- Breisach Castle at burgenarchiv.de
- Breisach Castle at alemannische-seiten.de
- Entry for Breisach in the private database "Alle Burgen".
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hermann Kopf : Christoph Anton Graf von Schauenburg (1717–1787): Rise and fall of the district chief of Breisgau , Rombach, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, ISBN 3-7930-0343-4 , p. 22.
- ↑ Pantaleon Rosmann , Faustin Ens : History of the City of Breisach , Friedrich Wagner'sche Buchhandlung, 1851, p. 439 f., Full text in the Google book search.
- ↑ Directory of rare art collections , 1825, p. 76, point 73 ( digitized at Google Books ).