Hohenschelklingen Castle
| Hohenschelklingen Castle | ||
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 View of the ruins of Hohenschelklingen Castle from the Sacred Heart Mountain. |
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| Alternative name (s): | Castro Schälkalingen, Hohen Schelklingen | |
| Creation time : | 1127 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Noble Free | |
| Place: | Rogue blades | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 22 '46.4 " N , 9 ° 43' 53.6" E | |
| Height: | 621.5 m above sea level NHN | |
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The castle Hohenschelklingen even High Schelklingen written, which is ruin of a high medieval hilltop castle in Schelklingen in the Alb-Donau in Baden-Württemberg .
Geographical location
The ruin is located in the south of the Swabian Alb at a height of 621.5 m above sea level. NHN on a mountain tongue of the 500 m north located 685 m above sea level. NHN high Schlossberg between the Schelklinger Valley formed by the Urdonau in the west and the Längental valley in the east. The town of Schelklingen is located south of the castle ruins.
history
The castle was first mentioned in 1127 as Castro et villae Schälkalingen . At that time it was owned by the noble brothers Rüdiger, Adalbert and Walter von Schelklingen together with the town of Schelklingen. The builders of the castle must also come from this family. Until the beginning of the 13th century, Walter von Schelklingen, first mentioned shortly before 1184, was still the owner of the castle and the village of Schelklingen. At the beginning of the 13th century, ownership changed through the marriage of the heiress Walters von Schelklingen, Adelheid, to Count Heinrich von Berg . Around the time from 1210 to 1241 Count Heinrich III. von Berg the lord of the castle and town of Schelklingen. Among other things, he is also credited with raising Schelklingen to the rank of town. Probably under him there was also an expansion of the Hohenschelklingen castle in the area of the outer bailey . After Heinrich III. His son Ulrich II von Berg (1248–1266) took over the rule of the castle. He first appeared in 1248 as Count von Berg-Schelklingen. When Urspring, now a part of Schelklingen, was destroyed in 1246/1247, a siege of the castle is assumed.
In the following years, the castle was completely modernized and around 1265 the castle keep built in its present form.
During the tenure of Count Konrad (1319–1346) von Berg-Schelklingen, the city and castle experienced their greatest heyday as the royal seat and administrative center of the Counts of Berg.
In 1343 Count Konrad and his only daughter Luitgard sold the town and the castle complex to the Dukes Albrecht, Friedrich, Leopold and Rudolf of Austria. The castle was the main residence of the count family until the Count von Berg and Konrad von Berg-Schelklingen died out in April 1346. After that, Schelklingen lost its central role and with it the castle lost its importance as a count's residence.
By pledging the Schelklingen rule, the complex became the seat of the respective pledgee . Konrad von Reischach was the owner until 1396 . In 1396 ownership passed to Duke Ulrich von Teck . From 1438 Burkhard von Stadion was the new lien holder. Around 1507, King Maximilian I sold the pledge to Lutz von Freyberg . At that time, however, only the guards were permanent residents of the castle. In 1530 Konrad von Bemelberg (or Konrad von Boyneburg ) became lord of the town and castle. In 1633 the Hohen Schelklingen Castle was destroyed during a march of the Blaubeurer. From May 1650 to 1653 the castle was demolished and its stones used to build the Franciscan monastery in Ehingen . The remains were left to decay, which continues to this day.
The castle ruins remained in stately ownership until 1893. In that year, the town of Schelklingen bought the 1,100 acres of forest and also the fishing water in the Ach from Friedrich Kaulla (1807–1895), descendant of court factor Karoline Kaulla and since 1851 owner of the "manor Oberdischingen ", for 175,000 marks .
In autumn 1896 the castle ruins were renovated, which was carried out by the city of Schelklingen and the Swabian Alb Association . The rubble that had half filled the keep was removed, a level access was created and a staircase was built inside.
In 1910, Konrad Albert Koch carried out an excavation based on the castle floor plans, after which a floor plan of Hohenschelklingen Castle could be made for the first time.
After the castle researcher Stefan Uhl re-examined the castle in 1990, and finally further renovation measures were carried out by the city of Schelklingen, the facility was reopened to the public in 1999.
Since then, the 22 m high keep, also known as the castle tower, can be climbed as a viewing tower on certain days .
The castle ruins are under monument protection and have been entered in the list of Schelklingen architectural monuments.
literature
- Günter Schmitt : Castle Guide Swabian Alb, Volume 2 - Alb Middle-South: Hiking and discovering between Ulm and Sigmaringen . Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach an der Riß 1989, ISBN 3-924489-45-9 , pp. 79-84.
- Konrad Albert Koch: Schelklingen with the former city fortifications and the former castle . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . Born in 1917, pp. 51-56.
- Stefan Uhl: The keep of the Hohen-Schelklingen castle ruins . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . Born in 1989, No. 1, pp. 5-7.
- Stefan Uhl: Schelklingen castles . Schelklingen: City Archives (Schelklinger Hefte, 18).
Web links
- View of the Schelklingen castle ruins from the east drawn by August Seyffer 1818
- Reconstruction drawing by Wolfgang Braun
- Construction documentation in the construction research / restoration database
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
- ↑ a b c d Schlossturm / Burg Schelklingen on the website of the town of Schelklingen
- ^ Hohenschelklingen Castle on the Alb-Donau-Kreis Tourismus website of the Alb-Donau-Kreis District Office