Klein-Arnsberg Castle
| Klein-Arnsberg Castle | ||
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 Castle seen from Obersteinbach (2018) |
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| Alternative name (s): | Petit Arnsberg Petit Arnsbourg |
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| Castle type : | Höhenburg, rocky location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Construction: | Humpback cuboid | |
| Place: | Obersteinbach | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 2 '19 " N , 7 ° 41' 25" E | |
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The ruins of Klein-Arnsberg Castle ( French : Petit Arnsberg or Petit Arnsbourg ) are located on a mountain north of the municipality of Obersteinbach in the Bas-Rhin department in France .
history
middle Ages
The castle has only been documented since the 14th century, but the architecture suggests that it was built in the late Staufer period, at the latest by the middle of the 13th century. The lords of Wasigenstein, who owned the castle as a fief of the Weissenburg Abbey, sat at the castle . In 1335 the castle was besieged and conquered as the hiding place of the robber baron Friedrich von Wasigenstein.
From 1360 onwards, it was owned by the von Ochsenstein family and subsequently changed hands several times. Around 1400 the lords of Dahn (Than) owned the castle as a fief. In 1420 Friedrich von Dahn sold his half of the castle to Ludwig V von Lichtenberg . Around 1483 the lords of Adelsheim owned the castle as a fief. After 1485 the castle was inherited by the Counts of Zweibrücken-Bitsch . From 1494 onwards the castle was completely renovated. The castle was now assigned to the Lemberg Office of the County of Zweibrücken-Bitsch. It was a fiefdom of the Elector of Mainz .
Early modern age
Count Jakob von Zweibrücken-Bitsch (* 1510; † 1570) died in 1570 as the last male member of his family. The Lemberg office was inherited by his daughter, Ludovica Margaretha von Zweibrücken-Bitsch , who was married to the (heir) Count Philipp (V) von Hanau-Lichtenberg . Her father-in-law, Count Philipp IV. Von Hanau-Lichtenberg , gave the strict Roman Catholic Duke Karl III by immediately introducing the Lutheran creed . of Lorraine, the opportunity to intervene militarily, as the latter had suzerainty over the Bitsch rule, which was also part of the inheritance . In July 1572 Lorraine troops occupied the county. Since Philip IV was unable to cope with the overwhelming power of Lorraine, he chose the legal route. In the subsequent process before the Imperial Court of Justice, Lorraine was able to prevail with regard to the Bitsch rule, while the Lemberg office - and thus also Klein-Arnsburg - was awarded to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg . Cornelius von Hanau can also be found among the various feudal people who owned the castle as an after-fief . In 1635 the castle was destroyed in the Thirty Years War and has been in ruins ever since. The property was still part of the Lemberg Office.
1736 died with Count Johann Reinhard III. the last male representative of the Hanau family. Due to the marriage of his only daughter, Charlotte (* 1700; † 1726), with the Hereditary Prince Ludwig (VIII.) (* 1691; † 1768) of Hesse-Darmstadt , the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell there.
Modern times
In the course of the French Revolution , the part of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg on the left bank of the Rhine - and with it the Lemberg Office and the castle - fell to France in 1794.
Buildings
In addition to chambers, corridors and stairs in the rock, a corner of the wall of the residential tower of the upper castle still exists today. A gate tower securing the entrance to the upper castle has also been preserved .
Gate tower from the outer bailey
Rock walk to the upper castle
Gate tower from the upper castle
Rock chamber of the upper castle
literature
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
- Bernhard Metz, Jean-Michel Rudrauf: Klein-Arnsberg (Petit-Arnsberg) . In: Jürgen Keddigkeit , Ulrich Burkhart, Rolf Übel (eds.): Palatinate Castle Lexicon . Vol. 3: I − N (= contributions to the history of the Palatinate . Vol. 12.3). Institute for Palatinate History and Folklore, Kaiserslautern, 2005. ISBN 3-927754-51-4 , pp. 187–199.
- Nicolas Mengus, Jean-Michel Rudrauf: Châteaux forts et fortifications médiévales d′Alsace. Dictionnaire d′histoire et d′architecture . La Nuée Bleue, Strasbourg 2013, ISBN 978-2-7165-0828-5 , pp. 22-24.
- Felix Wolff: Alsatian Castle Lexicon. Directory of castles and chateaus in Alsace. Weidlich, Frankfurt / Main 1979, ISBN 3-8035-1008-2