Schwarzenbach Castle (Lower Austria)

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Schwarzenbach Castle
Access to the castle on the northeast side

Access to the castle on the northeast side

Alternative name (s): Schwarzenbach Castle

Feketevár vára ( Hungarian )

Creation time : around 1200
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: ruin
Place: Schwarzenbach
Geographical location 47 ° 38 '22 "  N , 16 ° 20' 25"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 38 '22 "  N , 16 ° 20' 25"  E
Schwarzenbach Castle (Lower Austria)
Schwarzenbach Castle

The Burg Schwarzenbach , ( Hungarian : Feketevár vára ) in the conservation status of a ruin is located in the same municipality of Schwarzenbach in District Wiener Neustadt-Land in Lower Austria . The castle ruins are under monument protection

location

Castle hill with remains of the wall
Schwarzenbach with the location of the castle ruins (left) near the (then) border between Austria and Hungary
Schwarzenbach Castle (by Anton Ernst Burkhard von Birckenstein)
Entrance to the former castle chapel

The ruins of the Höhenburg are just under a kilometer northwest of Markt Schwarzenbach on the Schlossberg , at the beginning of the Schwarzenbach valley .

The ruin is freely accessible, but overgrown with bushes, the inner courtyard is meter-high filled with rubble and remains of walls. A sign at the entrance warns of the risk of collapse.

history

The castle is believed to have been built towards the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th century. It is first mentioned in documents in 1254 with castrum Suarchumpah , when it was awarded to Hungary in the Oven Peace Treaty between Béla IV of Hungary and King Ottokar II of Bohemia.

In September 1337, a Hungarian army led by Count Leustachius from Eisenburg and Ödenburg besieged the Schwarzenbach Castle ( Hungarian : Feketevár vára ) on the Schwarzenbach Castle Hill ("... in campo ante castrum Swerczenpach ...") and captured it before October 4, 1337. Leustachius is used as "castellanus de Sverczenpach" ("Et si dominus noster rex predictus in castellania pretacta nos mutare disponeret, antequam predictum castrum ad antedictorum ducum manus perveniret, non debemus assignum castrum Sverczenpach alicui alteri castellano ...").

1337 Schwarzenbach should, according to the Peace of Pressburg against the castle Anchenstein (in Ptuj ) in the Lower Styria are exchanged in what is now Slovenia. Anchenstein came to Hungary from Austria - but Schwarzenbach did not come to Austria from Hungary. It was not until 1362 that Schwarzenbach was handed over to Austria by the Treaty of Ofen.

In the first third of the 16th century the chapel was built in the castle courtyard. The facade of this building facing the courtyard has ogival window openings (later partially walled up) for tracery windows. Access to the gallery was via a stair tower that can still be seen at a height of 12 meters. In the interior of the chapel there are approaches of the groin vault. At the end of the 16th century, the castle was extensively converted into a palace while retaining the old foundation walls. In 1680 the castle was bought by the Esterházys , who still own it. Around 1800 the castle complex was abandoned as the official residence of the Esterházys and the once magnificent building gradually fell into disrepair.

Because stones from the ruin rolled into the valley, the market community prescribed the Esterházy Foundation to renovate it in 2014, which was contested due to expected costs of 130,000 euros. As a result, the Federal Monuments Office agreed to a partial demolition. The Esterházy Foundation has also offered the market community to swap one hectare of land with ruins for ten hectares of forest, which the market community refused. In 2016 a wall with a desolate archway was torn down.

Owner (both fiefdom and private)

literature

  • Felix Halmer: Castles and Palaces Bucklige Welt, Semmering, Rax, 1969
  • Wilfried Bahnmüller: Castles and palaces in Lower Austria, 2005
  • Dehio: Lower Austria south of the Danube, 2003
  • Felix Halmer: Lower Austria's Castles, 1956
  • Ilse Schöndorfer: Stones and Legends - Castle ruins in Lower Austria, 1999
  • Gerhard Stenzel: From Castle to Castle in Austria, 1973
  • Weltin, Mochty, Kühtreiber, Woldron: Defense buildings and aristocratic residences in Lower Austria / The district under the Vienna Woods, Vol. 2, 2003

Web links

Commons : Burgruine Schwarzenbach  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ University of Klagenfurt - Iron Chest with oil paintings esterházy shear possessions, 1688 , accessed on 15 January 2010
  2. ↑ Transcription of the Peace to Oven ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Hungarian State Archives (Budapest, April 3, 1254), accessed March 9, 2010 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.arcanum.hu
  3. ↑ Marktgemeinde Schwarzenbach - History , accessed on January 8, 2011
  4. ↑ Entry about Schwarzenbach Castle in Burgen-Austria , accessed on January 8, 2011
  5. ↑ a b c d Weltin, Mochty, Kühtreiber, Woldron: Defense buildings and aristocratic seats in Lower Austria / The district under the Vienna Woods, Vol. 2, 2003
  6. ↑ Transcription of the Peace at Pressburg; Bratislava, September 11, 1337 ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on January 8, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.arcanum.hu
  7. ↑ Transcription of Peace to Oven; Budaörs, March 10, 1362  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on January 8, 2011@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.arcanum.hu  
  8. ↑ Marktgemeinde Schwarzenbach - Schwarzenbach castle ruins , accessed on October 3, 2009
  9. ↑ Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch. The art monuments of Austria. Topographical inventory of monuments. Lower Austria south of the Danube, part 2, M to Z. Verlag Berger, Horn / Vienna 2003. ISBN 3-85028-365-8 . Pages 2164-2165.
  10. ^ Christoph Weisgram: Demolition in the ruins of Schwarzenbach. There are fears in the village that this will make the whole building unstable. Kronen Zeitung Lower Austria, October 22, 2016
  11. ^ Orf.at - Schwarzenbach ruins: demolition has begun . Article dated October 21, 2016, accessed October 21, 2016.
  12. ^ Entry about Schwarzenbach Castle in Burgen-Austria , accessed on February 24, 2010