Sobień Castle
| Sobień Castle | ||
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 View from the ruins of the San running south. |
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| Alternative name (s): | Kmither Castle; Soban 1372, castro Sobyen 1460 | |
| Creation time : | around 1372 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | private lock | |
| Place: | Manasterzec near Sanok | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 31 '37 " N , 22 ° 19' 45" E | |
| Height: | 347 m npm | |
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The castle Sobien was a medieval defensive and residential complex in San -Tal in the Polish province Podkarpackie . Today it is a ruin surrounded by forest, which belongs to the village of Manasterzec in Powiat Leski and lies roughly on the border between the Eastern Carpathians and the central Beskid foothills .
history
The mountain (Góra Sobień) on which the ruin is located was fortified as early as the 13th century and served to secure the road on the San. Here - on the right side of the river - there was a wooden defense tower, which at that time belonged to Hungary. In 1340, a brick fortress built on this site was designated as a royal Polish property (under Casimir the Great ). The construction of this facility may have started at the turn of the century. During a stay at the castle in 1373, Elisabeth of Poland granted privileges to the monastery in Stary Sacz .
Ancestral home of the Kmita family
In 1389 the castle was handed over to the Kmita family by King Władysław II Jagiełło . Until it was moved to Lesko , nine kilometers away , Sobień Castle was the headquarters of this important Polish noble family for around 200 years.
From 1415 the castle was owned by Piotr Kmita Sobieński . In 1417 Jagiello descended on his honeymoon from Lwów to Sanok to marry Elisabeth von Pilitza at the castle. As a result, the castle was passed on to the Kmita family; Owners were among others Krakauer and Sanok Starosten (Jan Kmita, 1330-1376 and Klemens Kmita), Krakauer, Sandomierzer and Lublin Voivodes (Piotr Kmita, 1348-1409, Dobiesław Kmita, † 1478 and Piotr Kmita Sobieński, 1477-1553) and Przemyślaner , Sanoker and Lwówer castellans (Jan Kmita, † around 1460, Mikołaj Kmita and Stanisław Kmita, 1450–1511).
A castle chapel was mentioned in 1434. In 1474 the castle was destroyed for the first time by Hungarian invaders. In 1512 there was renewed destruction by Hungarian troops. A short time later the Kmita family left the castle and moved to Lesko. From then on, the facility fell into disrepair.
Decay
In 1580 Sobień Castle came into the hands of the Stadnicki family . It was owned by the Ossoliński and Mniszech families from 1713 to 1803 . In 1803 the property passed into the possession of the Krasicki family through marriage , who remained owners until 1939.
From May 9th to 10th 1946 the Ukrainian insurgent army attacked a Polish unit at the foot of the castle hill . A former German heavy tank locomotive (“Armored Rail Car No. 16”) led by Captain Jarosz was involved in the battle.
today
From the castle, which is now completely ingrown, wall fragments up to eight meters high (from the residential building and bastion ) and traces of embankments have been preserved. In 1997, conservation measures were carried out and a staircase to the castle entrance and a wooden viewing platform on the south side of the castle were built on the steep mountain. At the entrance to the castle are the remains of a Soviet bunker on the Molotov Line . A five-hectare wooded area around the castle hill has been under nature protection since 1970 ("Rezerwat Przyrody Góra Sobień").
See also
literature
- Beata Konopska and Michał Starzewski (editor-in-chief), Poland, map of the castles , from the series: Copernicus , ISBN 83-7329-621-2 , PPWK SA, Warsaw, first edition without the year, p. 63
References and comments
- ↑ according to Information about castles and palaces in the Subcarpathian Mountains on the website of the Polish Tourist Office in Vienna
- ↑ according to Information ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Podkarpackie.pl (in English)
- ^ The railcar produced by the Berliner Maschinenbau-Actien-Gesellschaft in 1942 is now in the Warsaw Railway Museum
