Stromberg Castle
| Stromberg Castle | ||
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 Model of the castle complex |
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| Creation time : | before 1177 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Bishop, burgrave | |
| Place: | Stromberg | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 48 '0 " N , 8 ° 12' 12" E | |
| Height: | 151 m above sea level NN | |
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Stromberg Castle is the ruin of a hilltop castle in the Stromberg district of the city of Oelde in the Warendorf district in North Rhine-Westphalia .
history
According to legends, Stromberg Castle in Westphalia dates back to the founding of Charlemagne around the year 800, who founded several monasteries in the vicinity ( Liesborn , Herzfeld) and had several castles built to protect them.
The Burgraves of Stromberg were first mentioned in a document in 1177. Burgrave Othalrich and his wife Gisla appear in a document from Bishop Hermann of Münster . In this document - after the death of her son Gottfried I - Stromberg Castle is given to her grandchildren, the children of her daughter Gisla, Hermann II and Heinrich I, as a fief. Stromberg Castle belonged to the Bishop of Münster and served to protect the borders of the Münster diocese to the southeast.
From 1177 to 1463 Stromberg Castle was run by the Burgraves of Stromberg from the Rüdenberg family . From 1463 (with the extinction of the Burgraves of Stromberg) Stromberg Castle fell back to the Bishop of Münster.
In 1344 the Gothic cruciform church was consecrated inside the castle , in which the Holy Cross of Stromberg is venerated.
Stromberg Castle became the seat of the Stromberg office. From 1780 Stromberg Castle was demolished on the orders of the Elector and Bishop Maximilian Franz . Today the mighty ruins still bear witness to the castle.
The castle
Stromberg Castle in Westphalia was built at a strategically favorable location on a hill in the Beckum Mountains . This makes it the only hilltop castle in the Münsterland after Cappenberg Castle was converted into a monastery. First documentary mention of the Burgraves of Stromberg in 1177, although it must be assumed that Stromberg Castle had existed for a long time. It probably goes back to the time of Charlemagne, who founded a monastery in Liesborn . In the east the view extends far into the Paderborn region (on days with good visibility you can see the cement works of Geseke and Erwitte as a landmark), in the south the view extends to the hairline. This location made Stromberg Castle ideally suited to defend the borders of the Münster diocese to the east.
The steep slopes to the south and west formed a natural protection against attackers, reinforced by thick walls. To the east and north, the castle was protected by a double wall with moats in between.
The expansion of the castle, with an almost triangular floor plan, was approx.
- in the south 230 m
- to the west 285 m
- in the north 50 m
- to the east 180 m
and formed a total area of approx. 30,000 m². The surrounding wall was thus approx. 745 m long.
The highest point of the castle is at the Kreuzkirche and is 154.59 m above sea level, while the rest of the castle complex has a height of approx. 151.15 m above sea level.
The castle was entered from today's Münsterstrasse via a tower in front of the Paulusturm. The Paulusturm itself was again protected by a drawbridge .
This way you got through this gate to the first of the three castle courtyards, the Burgmannenhof. The first thing you see there is the cruciform church built in the 12th century.
A second archway, guarded by two shield houses, led to the courtyard in the southern part of the castle complex. The third, smaller courtyard took up the western side in the southern part of the castle and was probably called the official square.
Several wells supplied the castle residents with water. One of them is located between the Paulusturm and the Kreuzkirche. It is about 30 m deep. For comparison: the Paulusturm is approx. 30 m high.
The houses of the castle men and the burgrave were located on the individual courtyards. The Mallinckrodthaus, located on the left side of the Burgmannenhof, still gives an impression of how the houses looked at that time.
The burgrave's house, the so-called Palas , was on the southern castle wall. There were several watchtowers along the castle walls.
Representation of the coat of arms in the quaternion eagle
Together with the coats of arms of the burgraves of Magdeburg , Nuremberg and Rieneck, not Rheineck (see Burgraviate Rheineck ), the coat of arms of the Stromberg burgrave (three ravens ) is shown in the quaternion eagle . There in the left wing in the fourth feather from the left, at the very bottom.
