Burgraviate Rheineck

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Rheineck Castle around 1860

The Burggrafschaft Rheineck was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire . In 1794 the county covered 165 hectares and had about 100 residents.

history

Rheineck Castle is a hilltop castle on the Rhine that was built in the 11th century by the Count Palatine near Rhine . Count Otto von Salm first called himself Count von Rheineck in the 12th century . After years of feud against the Counts of Stahleck , which involved, among other things, the dignity of the Palatine , the “Rheinecker” Salm died out in the male line in 1150. The castle was destroyed in 1151 on the orders of Emperor Barbarossa .

Soon afterwards the strategically located castle was rebuilt by the Archbishopric of Cologne . Around 1180 the knight family von Ulmen was enfeoffed with the Rheineck Castle on the Rhine (today part of Bad Breisig ), which soon took the name of Rheineck . When the von Rheineck family died out in 1539, the burgraviate (from 1576) passed to the barons of Warsberg , who sold them to the Austrian counts of Sinzendorf in 1654 .

The Burgraves of Rheineck had a seat and vote in the Westphalian Reichsgrafenkollegium of the Reichsfürstenrat of the Reichstag and belonged to the Kurheinische Reichskreis . Since they had full sovereignty only in the small area of ​​the actual truce , as vassals of the Elector of Cologne they were also obliged to appear in his state parliaments .

End in the so-called French era

During the First Coalition War , Rheineck, like the entire Left Bank of the Rhine , was occupied by French troops in 1794 and annexed in 1798 . In the Peace of Lunéville (1801) the area was ceded to France .

The goods of the imperial estates in the territories conquered by France were confiscated and - if no longer needed - auctioned off to the highest bidder. In 1805, for example, the Rheineck Castle, which was only regarded as a domain, with a stable, wine press, coach house, two small gardens, a meadow for CHF 2,550, plus nine acres of vineyard for CHF 1,320. The buyer was the son of Wenzel Schurp, the long-time administrator of the castle, which had become largely uninhabitable in a fire in 1785.

The Sinzendorf family, which died in 1842, was compensated for the loss of their rule in accordance with § 24 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss with the village of Winterrieden in the - later Bavarian - Unterallgäu, with the elevation of this place to a "burgraviate".

Even after the peace treaties of Basel and Campo Formio, France was so sure of the permanent acquisition of Germany up to the Rhine that at the beginning of 1798 the French administrative structure was also introduced for the Rhineland. The area of ​​Breisig with the now repealed Burgraviate Rheineck was assigned to the canton of Ahrweiler ( Arrondissement Bonn ) in the department of Rhine and Moselle . After the wars of freedom, the place came under the provisions of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to the Kingdom of Prussia .

literature

  • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories and imperial immediate families from the Middle Ages to the present. 6th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-406-44333-8 , p. 503.
  • Wilhelm Fabricius : The map from 1789. In: Explanations of the historical atlas of the Rhine province. Second volume, 1898 (reprint: Bonn 1965)
  • Jakob Rausch: Rheineck Castle . In: Heimatjahrbuch Ahrweiler. 1955, p. 82