Rüdenberg (noble family)
The noble lords of Rüdenberg were a medieval noble family in Westphalia .
history
The noblemen of Rüdenberg belonged to the noblest and at times richest families in Westphalia. In the documents they were also referred to as Rudenberg, Ruthenberg, Röddenberg and Rodenberg after the Rüdenburg in Arnsberg. The similarity of the name makes it difficult to distinguish it from the ministerial family von Rodenburg from Menden .
However, the family is partly only a sideline of the Counts of Arnsberg. Its founder is said to have been Hermann von Werl-Arnsberg, who fell in battle in 1092. However, Johann Suibert Seibertz does not know any descendants of Hermann and treats them as an independent dynasty.
The oldest property, their allod , is said to have been the village and Oberhof Mark near Hamm . This property later became the basis of County Mark, among other owners . As a second important force alongside the Counts of Arnsberg, the Archbishops of Cologne also only had scattered property at that time. To strengthen their position, the bishops gave fiefs and received support for their goals in return. The noblemen von Rüdenberg also belonged to these tenants. The Rüdenberger possessions, taken as fief by Cologne, did not form a coherent area, but were widely scattered. However, the properties soon became more important than the village of Mark, so that they were later named after them.
Member of the sex
The first name bearer known by name was Hermann I von Rüdenberg. The next known representative is Rathard, possibly a son of Hermann. The next known are Rabodo, also known as von der Mark, and Konrad I. He married Gisela von Stromberg and acquired the Burgraviate of Stromberg . One of the most important Cologne feudal men from the Rüdenberger family, who at the same time had good relations with the Counts of Arnsberg, was Hermann II. His daughter Agnes married Count Gottfried II. Von Arnsberg . Hermann II's brother was Heinrich I, who received the Burgraviate of Stromberg.
The bishop of Minden Konrad I von Rüdenberg († 1236) came from the same family . Konrad II von Rüdenberg married Adelheid von Arnsberg, a daughter of Gottfried II. Under Konrad II, the sex reached the height of its importance. After that there was a split into different lines and a gradual decline. At first there was the line in Stromberg and the line in Rüthen, in addition to the main line on the Rüdenburg. The Stromberg line begins with Heinrich II zu Stromberg. The Rüthener line founded Konrad III. to males. The Arnsberg line began with Gottfried I.
Decline
The Rüdenbergers' holdings were significant, but too few and too scattered to serve as the basis for territorial rule. The family was also weakened by numerous inheritance divisions. Above all, however, the archbishops of Cologne began to convert the ducal power they had now gained over Westphalia into direct political power after the old duchy of Saxony, Henry the Lion, was broken up from Archbishop Philipp von Heinsberg . The Rüdenberger lost their importance for Cologne. In the ensuing disputes between the Counts of Arnsberg and the Archbishops, they themselves changed fronts several times, but were mostly on the side of the Cologne people, but also lost their strong position and became a dynasty of the lower nobility. Many entered foreign military services or the Teutonic Order. Gottfried von Rodenberg made it to land marshal in Livonia.
Gottfried I. von Rüdenberg from the lineage was still referred to as nobilis . His sons sold most of the property in the 14th century, mainly to the Counts of Arnsberg. Hermann IV von Rüdenberg sold his rights to Obereimer and in the Walpketal in 1359 to the Wedinghausen monastery . At this time the Rüdenburg was probably already uninhabited.
Heinrich VIII von Rüdenberg (about males), urk. 1515, Burgmann zu Medebach, son of Goswin von Rüdenberg and Sophia von Neheim, married to Else von Amelunxen , was the last of his tribe. He was shot dead by Kerstien Küling, a citizen of Medebach, between Küstelberg and Medebach.
coat of arms
The coat of arms (Westphalian Wappenbuch) shows in gold a black dog (male) with clipped ears and an upright tail, standing up for an argument. The helmet with black and gold covers and an unknown crest .
The tinging of medieval coats of arms is rarely passed down. There is a well-founded assumption that the Rüdenbergers, like other dynasties, took over elements of the coat of arms of the ancestral family. The coat of arms of the Counts of Arnsberg shows a silver eagle with golden fangs and a beak on a red background. The coat of arms of a Herman von Rudenburg can be found on sheet 110v in the herald's book of arms ( Codex Gelre ) as No. 1651. This shows a rising red male on white d. H. silver ground.
Possessions
Main courtyard males
The most important property was the main courtyard Rüden (today Altenrüthen ), to which an old mother church belonged, which was part of its equipment when the Grafschaft monastery was founded in 1072. The property of Hof Rüden was valuable not only because of its fertility, but also because of the nearby Königsstrasse. The new masters had a castle built for protection and have since called themselves Rüdenberger. This property later lost its importance in favor of the archbishopric city and castle of Rüthen .
Wicheln main courtyard
The second property taken as a fief by Cologne was a part of the Lüerwald with the main farm Wicheln . This property was exchanged by the widow of Count Heinrich the Dicken von Northeim for Walkenried to the Archbishops of Cologne, who enfeoffed the Lords of Rüdenberg with it. In addition to areas around Arnsberg , this included the Free County of Stockum and the Free County of Valme . The property near Arnsberg was important not least because of the Ruhrstrasse that passed there. This was the reason why the Lords of Rüdenberg had a castle built there, which is still called Rüdenburg today . The Rüdenburg later lost its importance due to the relocation of the Counts of Werl and the construction of Arnsberg Castle on the other side of the valley.
Free County Rüdenberg
The third main loan, the free county between Soest and Werl , consisted mainly of the parishes of Ostönnen , Borgeln and Dinker . Like the free county near Velmede, this area was called the Rüdenberger free county. In the free counties, the gentlemen had no center, but only had free float and, as chairmen, had influence and income. The free county between Soest and Werl came to Soest as early as 1328 with the consent of the Archbishop of Cologne Heinrich von Virneburg under Lord Gottfried von Rüdenberg. Most of this area now belongs to the municipality of Welver .
Free County Hundem
1381. VII. 5. Dusent three hundred in den eynen and the eighth jare, des vrydages na sente Olrykes dage.
Wilke von Ohl (Ole, Oele) , son of Evert von Ohl, sold with the consent of his wife, daughter of Heidenreich v. Ihersche, the half of the Free County of Hundem (Hundeme), which passed through inheritance from his deceased uncle Wilke von Brüninghausen (Brünynchusen) to his mother and her heirs, to the brothers Wilhelm and Heinrich Vögte von Elspe , took over the mortgage lending of the buyers to the feudal lord to obtain, and in the event of non-compliance with the contract, undertakes to store the goods (?).
1384. XII. 9. MCCCLXXX quatro, orastino conoeptionis b. Marie virg.
The brothers Konrad and Heinrich von dem Rodenberge (Rüdenberg) sell for a sum of money to Wilhelm Vogt (Vogede) von Elspe and Johann v. Plettenberg called Hedemolen the whole of their fiefdom Hundem (Hundeme) and let Johann v. Drolshagen (Droelshagen) point the Pepersecke and those otherwise enfeoffed with the Free County to the buyer. Witnesses: Knight Kondrad der Vrede, Knappe Godert v. Hanx leather .
literature
- Johann Suibert Seibertz : Diplomatic family history of the dynasts and lords in the Duchy of Westphalia . Arnsberg 1855, p. 192ff. ( Digitized version in Seibertz: State and legal history of the Duchy of Westphalia. AL Ritter, Arnsberg 1845 ).
- Heinz Pardun: The noblemen from Rüdenberg and the old castle near Arnsberg . Arnsberg 1979 (= urban history series of publications on the city of Arnsberg, issue 13).
- Joseph Bender, History of the City of Warstein , p. 252, family table of Rüdenberg
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Michael Gosmann: The Counts of Arnsberg and their county. In: Harm Klueting (Ed.): The Duchy of Westphalia. Volume 1: The Electorate of Cologne Duchy of Westphalia from the beginnings of Cologne rule in southern Westphalia to secularization in 1803. Aschendorff, Münster 2009, p. 175.
- ^ Johann Suibert Seibertz: Diplomatic family history of the old Counts of Westphalia zu Werl and Arnsberg. Arnsberg 1847, p. 84.
- ^ Johann Suibert Seibertz: The noble lords of Rüdenberg. In: Diplomatic family history of the dynasts and lords in the Duchy of Westphalia. Arnsberg 1855, p. 192.
- ^ Blazon in the Westphalian Wappenbuch
- ↑ Michael Gosmann: The coat of arms of the noblemen of Rüdenberg from the Rüdenburg near Arnsberg. In: Heimatblätter des Arnsberger Heimatbund 35/2014, p. 10f.
- ↑ Gräfl. Plettenberg Archives Heeren, archive part Bamenohl, documents, Dr. Diestelkamp 11.11
- ↑ Gräfl. Plettenberg Archives Heeren, archive part Bamenohl, documents, Dr. Diestelkamp 13.13