Trautson Castle
The castle Trautson (sometimes rear Veste Matrei or Castle Matrei am Brenner called) is located in the municipality Mühlbachl close of Matrei am Brenner in District Innsbruck-Land of Tyrol (Matreiwald 22). She is the last of the three castles built ( Burg Raspenbühel , castle Vogelbühel ), formerly the Wipptal monitored.
history
The first castle was built at this point by Count Albert III. von Tirol around 1221, after he had to return the front fortress Matrei, which he had taken possession of in the same year, to Heinrich von Neiffen , a close relative of the Brixen bishop Bertold von Neifen . This rear fortress Matrei was first held in 1227 by Kuno von Matrei, a follower of the Counts of Tyrol . His son Ortto called himself Otto de Turrematrai . From this the castle passed to Kuno II and then to Auto von Matrei. He was judge of Matrei at the castle and since 1288 also judge of Innsbruck. After his death († 1318) the castle passed to Konrad, the last of the Lords of Matrei († 1360).
In 1368 the Bavarians occupied Matrei Castle in their last attempt to reverse the connection between Tyrol and Habsburg . Thereupon the Brixen bishop Johann von Platzheim and Duke Leopold III besieged . of Austria the fortress held by Konrad Schonsteter. The Habsburg captain Randolf Flange von Villanders did not succeed in taking the castle. At the end of the siege on December 7, 1368 Konrad Schonsteter sold the castle to the dukes Stephan and Friedrich of Bavaria. It was not until the Treaty of Schärding in 1369 that the castle was given to Duke Leopold III. returned by Austria.
The only daughter of Kuno von Matrei, Anastasia, bequeathed ire veste in 1369 , the hinder Mathreu with the consent of the Habsburg duke to her husband Hans Trautson von Sprechenstein . Later this received the front fortress and in 1395 the Raspenbühel . 1502 Castle Sixt Trautson to the later became Emperor Maximilian I sold. The Trautson remained at the castle for another twelve years. In 1532 the castle was lent to Albrecht von Stamp. This family remained fief owners until the death of Troianus von Stamp. In 1581, Archduke Ferdinand gave the castle to the Upper Austrian Chamber President Cyriak Haidenreich von Pidenegg. He had many modifications carried out. In 1598 the castle was given to the brother of Cyriak, namely Georg Rudolf Haidenreich von Pidenegg, as a fief. After that, the current castle was bought back by Anton Trautson in 1600 and he was enfeoffed with the castle again by Rudolf II and his cousin Paul Sixt. The last of the Trautsons was Johann Wilhelm († 1775). After his death, the inheritance passed through his daughter Maria Josepha to her husband Karl Josef Fürst von Auersperg . The remains of the castle are still in the possession of this family.
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Trautson Castle then and now
The elongated castle (90 × 20 m) lay on a rock above the Sill . The oldest part was (built 1225-1230) who built a residential tower and standing on the wing dungeon . The Palas was 12 meters north of the keep. The entrance ran around the keep coming from the northwest. The elongated Trautson tract to the west was built in the 15th century. Cyriak Haidenreich carried out further additions and built the previously free area between the keep and the residential wing. In the 17th century it became the main residential building of the castle with a knight's hall on the first floor. The former castle gate was replaced by a round arch gate in the second half of the 16th century. A low wall enclosed the castle on the east side.
The castle had a castle chapel, which is first mentioned in 1394 (probably the later angel room ). A new one, which was created by the auxiliary bishop Wilhelm Vintler of St. The chapel dedicated to Euphemia was built in 1682 on the west side. Johann Wilhelm von Trautson had donated a benefit for this , which was confirmed by the Bishop of Brixen in 1768. The baroque interior of the church was last renovated in 1896/1897.
The construction of the Brennerbahn in 1868 caused the first damage to the fortress, which had been well preserved until then, but this was repaired by the insertion of iron clasps and restorations in 1915 and 1927.
On April 2, 1945, Trautson Castle was largely destroyed in an air raid carried out in two waves. Presumably the Brennerbahn or the bridge under the castle was the target of the attack. In 1947/1948 the Burgplatz was cleared and a new residential building was built together with the remains of the chaplain.
After the bombing, high-quality paintings were found in the collapsed parts of the wall, some of which could be removed and saved. Among them was one in secco executed Tournament representation from Maximilianischer time, a coat of arms of Trautsons from the late 15th century, a sequence of a farce seal of the knight Neidhart von Reuenthal that the so-called little Neidhart game comes, the representation of a bear hunt from the third quarter of the 15 Century and the picture of a chamois hunt.
The property is owned by the Auersperg-Trautson family.
literature
- Georg Clam Martinic : Castles and palaces in Austria . Landesverlag in Veritas Verlag, Linz 1991, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 , p. 402 .
- Oswald Trapp , Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner (employee): Tiroler Burgenbuch. III. Band - Wipptal . Athesia publishing house, Bozen 1974, p. 22-44 .
Web links
- Matrei - Trautson on burgen-austria
- Matrei am Brenner Castle (Trautson)
- The community of Mühlbachl
- Entry on Trautson Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen".
- The Veilchenschwank in Neidhartspiel
Coordinates: 47 ° 8 ′ 20.1 ″ N , 11 ° 27 ′ 19.7 ″ E