Trutzeltz Castle

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Trutzeltz Castle
Eltz Castle and Trutzeltz Castle, right

Eltz Castle and Trutzeltz Castle, right

Alternative name (s): Balduineltz, Baldeneltz, Neueltz, Trutzelz (without t)
Creation time : around 1336
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Ruins, remains of the tower, foundation walls
Standing position : Clerical
Place: Wierschem
Geographical location 50 ° 12 '25.5 "  N , 7 ° 20' 10.8"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 12 '25.5 "  N , 7 ° 20' 10.8"  E
Height: 182  m above sea level NHN
Trutzeltz Castle (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Trutzeltz Castle

The castle Trutzeltz even Balduineltz , Baldeneltz or Neueltz called, is the ruins of a hilltop castle in the valley of Elz on the district of Wierschem near the town of Münstermaifeld .

geography

Trutzeltz is only 230 meters as the crow flies north of Eltz Castle and 40 meters higher at 182  m above sea level. NHN on the rising mountainside. The very small castle complex has a size of only about 30 × 25 meters. In the castle ruins, there are mainly the remains of the residential tower, which tower over 10 meters, and other foundation walls.

history

The castle was built by the Trier Archbishop Balduin as part of the Eltz feud (1331–1336 / 1337) as a siege castle against Eltz Castle. The Eltz feud must be seen in connection with Baldwin's territorial policy. During his reign he tried to expand the Trier power district along the Moselle. He repeatedly encountered resistance, so a total of 21 knights in the person of the Lords von Eltz , Waldeck, Schöneck and Ehrenberg joined together to form a formal protective league. Baldwin attempted a direct attack on Eltz, but it failed. As a reaction, Baldwin therefore probably had the siege castle Trutzeltz, or Baldeneltz after the name of the builder, built in 1331. The following year he also had the Rauschenburg built against the three castles allied with Eltz. The fact that the Baldeneltz was probably built in a very short time to put the Lords of Eltz under pressure can be seen, among other things, from the building material used, mainly small rubble stone material from the area around the siege castle itself. It was held together with a strongly clayey mortar, which cannot withstand the climate in Central Europe in the long term. This is also not relevant for the use as a siege castle, only in this context it is strange that the continued existence of the building was contractually guaranteed when the peace was concluded.

The Eltz Castle was the stronghold with stone catapults ( Blide ) fired, but was ultimately not taken. In the course of the fighting, Baldwin also used an early form of firearm ( arrow rifles ), which is suggested by finds at Eltz Castle.

The Lords of Eltz and the other knights involved finally had to ask for peace in 1333. However, the feud was only settled by a treaty (atonement) in 1336. Only Johann von Eltz continued the dispute. He had already been in a fight with Baldwin before the Eltz feud ( Kempenich feud ) and was therefore probably not prepared to enter into peace. But now Baldwin showed his skill in pulling the opponent to his own side: After the Trutzeltz was quasi "legalized" by the peace treaty with the other knights and its continued existence was secured, he handed it over to Johann von Eltz in 1337 and made him a fief to the hereditary burgrave.

King Charles IV. Enfeoffed on January 9, 1354 Archbishop Baldwin of Trier because of his faithful service to the Emperor Henry VII with the Burg Eltz.

“Up until now, the Lords zu Eltz were feudal people of the empire. On January 9, 1354, King Karl IV enfeoffed him and his successors with the Veste zu Eltz near Münstermaifeld, including everything that was good that the commoners of Eltz from him and the Have wealthy fiefs so that the commoners of Eltz should receive and have all these goods from Trier in the future. At the same time, after receiving these fiefs from Trier, he renounced the oaths against the Reich and was single. With that, the fiefdom relationship between Eltz and Trier was pronounced. "

Trutzeltz Castle soon lost its importance, was no longer maintained and was already in 1453 as dilapidated. In a document dated to the year 1453, Trutzeltz Castle is described as "bysher vnbesohnet and thus devastated and ruined".

literature

  • Wilfrid Tittmann: The Eltzer rifle arrows from 1331-1333 . In: weapons and costume studies . tape 36 , 1994, ISSN  0042-9945 , pp. 117–128 ( online [PDF; accessed November 3, 2016]).
  • Wilfrid Tittmann: The Eltzer rifle arrows from 1331-1333 (part 2) . In: weapons and costume studies . tape 37 , 1995, ISSN  0042-9945 , pp. 53–64 ( online [PDF; accessed November 3, 2016]).
  • Alexander Thon / Stefan Ulrich: Blown by the showers of the past ... castles and palaces on the Moselle. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-7954-1926-4 , pp. 144-147.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth: History of the Lords and Counts of Eltz, with special consideration of the line from the Golden Lion of Eltz. Volume 1. Mainz 1889 ( online )
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth: History of the Lords and Counts of Eltz, with special consideration of the line from the Golden Lion of Eltz. Volume 2. Mainz 1890 ( online )

Web links

Commons : Burg Trutzeltz  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. Otto Piper : Castle Studies. Construction and history of castles .... 3rd edition 1912 Munich. New edition Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1994, ISBN 3-89350-554-7 , p. 153
  2. Otto Piper : Castle Studies. Construction and history of castles .... 3rd edition 1912 Munich. New edition Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1994, ISBN 3-89350-554-7 , p. 584
  3. Oral communication from castellan Dieter Ritzenhofen, January 26, 2005
  4. Ingeborg Scholz: Archbishop Balduin of Luxembourg (1307-1354) as the builder of regional castles in the Archbishopric of Trier. Lit Verlag, Münster 2004, p. 248.
  5. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth: History of the Lords and Counts of Eltz, with special consideration of the line from the Golden Lion of Eltz. Volume 2. Mainz 1890, p. 210 ff.
  6. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth: History of the Lords and Counts of Eltz, with special consideration of the line from the Golden Lion of Eltz. Volume 2. Mainz 1889, p. 11 ( online ); Wilfrid Tittmann: The Eltzer rifle arrows from 1331-1333. In: weapons and costume studies. Volume 37, 1995, p. 54.
  7. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth: History of the Lords and Counts of Eltz, with special consideration of the line from the Golden Lion of Eltz. Volume 1. Mainz 1889, p. 31.
  8. ^ Entry by Jens Friedhoff on Trutzeltz Castle in the " EBIDAT " scientific database of the European Castle Institute, accessed on September 15, 2016.