Rauschenburg

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Rauschenburg Castle
The last remains of the castle

The last remains of the castle

Alternative name (s): Rauschenberg Castle, in the 14th century Ruzzemberge
Creation time : 1332
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Ruin, remains of the wall
Standing position : Bailiffs, burgraves
Place: Mermuth
Geographical location 50 ° 10 '56.3 "  N , 7 ° 28' 52.3"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 10 '56.3 "  N , 7 ° 28' 52.3"  E
Height: 250  m above sea level NN
Rauschenburg (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Rauschenburg

The Rauschenburg , also called Burg Rauschenberg , is the medieval ruin of a hilltop castle at around 250 m above sea level. NN, above the Ehrbach on the district of Mermuth in the Rhein-Hunsrück district in Rhineland-Palatinate .

history

Today's ruin was built during the Eltz feud (1331-1336) as a fortress by Elector Baldwin of Luxembourg . The first mention of a castle is from 1340. Rusberge was already mentioned in 1285 in connection with an atonement between the lords of Schöneck and Boos von Waldeck. The construction as a hilltop castle above the Ehrbachtal was probably carried out quickly. Quarry stones and muddy earth mixed with clay as mortar were from the vicinity. The inferior quality of the construction suggests that it will be used for a limited period of time.

The construction of the castle was directed against the Reich Ministerial Lord Boos von Waldeck , the Lords von Ehrenberg and the Lords von Schöneck . The Lords of Eltz on the Eifel side were besieged by Trutzeltz Castle.

The choice of location, almost within sight of Schöneck Castle , the former administrative seat of the Gallscheider Court , was determined by the control over the activities of the opponents and compliance with the atonement agreed in 1336 . The building was built by Baldwin on the territory of the Palatine County , which was the feudal lord of Baldwin's opponents. This practice corresponded to Balduin's practice of several times, with the building of a counter castle on the land of the other party to initiate a later takeover of the territory. The task of the Rauschenburg was, in addition to the control of his opponents, to be an arsenal, quarters and provisions for the episcopal troops, and probably also a safe shelter for the bishop and his entourage when they were on a visitation trip in the lower archbishopric .

Konrad von Esch, a member of Baldwin's government will be the first bailiff certified. Probably because of further offices, his nephews Johann and Konrad von Schöneck, the former opponents of feuds, became hereditary burghers of Rauschenburg in 1340. Four years later, however, Baldwin obviously wants the Rauschenburg to be at his disposal again and announces the payment of 1,000 shield guilders to the people of Schöneck. When he used the sum deposited in Koblenz for other purposes, the Schöneckers collected Balduin's pledge, his share of Thurandt Castle . In the arbitration, they undertake to surrender the castle without objection after paying the 1000 guilders. The Archbishopric of Trier awards the title of hereditary castle count to the respective lord von Schöneck until the 1380s. Later other families from the lower ore monastery appear as fief takers, also in connection with the enfeoffment with the Beulich bailiwick .

In the 15th century until 1789 the Boos von Waldeck are the masters of the Rauschenburg. However, it is described as a decaying fortress that has become militarily insignificant by the middle of the 15th century at the latest. A feud between those of Waldeck and the Waldbott von Bassenheim in 1456 and the Beilstein War in 1488 are seen as possible causes for destruction.

description

The castle consists of a five-sided curtain wall . Almost the entire complex is enclosed by a second lower wall. Towards the mountain slope a ditch cuts the mountain saddle and forms a first obstacle to approach. Remains of the gate and bridge foundations can be seen there. The ruins of residential buildings can be seen in the main castle . In the middle of the western curtain wall is the torso of a tower, perhaps the former donjon . The facility is accessible through two preserved gates. A third gate in the south-eastern curtain wall was probably walled up in the Middle Ages.

literature

  • Wolf-Rüdiger Berns, observations on Baldwin's castle policy in Baldwin of Luxembourg. 1285-1354. Sources and treatises on the Middle Rhine church history. P. 303 f., Mainz 1985
  • Michael Hammes, Achim H. Schmidt: "A castle on high (l) em rock ...-" The Rauschenburg near Mermuth, Rhein-Hunsrück district. Results of an historical building observation . In: Adventure Archeology , Issue Number 9, Volume 2014, pp. 31–43 ISSN  1615-7125
  • Johannes Mötsch : The Balduins. Structure, development and content of the document collection of Archbishop Balduin von Trier (= publications of the Rhineland-Palatinate State Archives Administration. Volume 33). Self-published by the Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz, Koblenz 1980, ISBN 3-922018-00-0 , (also: Bonn, University, dissertation, 1978).
  • Gustav Schellack, Willi Wagner: Castles and palaces in the Hunsrück, Nahe and Moselle regions . Kastellaun 1976.
  • Alexander Thon / Stefan Ulrich, "Blown by the showers of the past ...". Castles and palaces on the Moselle , Regensburg: Schnell & Steiner 2007, pp. 116–119. ISBN 978-3-7954-1926-4
  • Olaf Wagener: Rauschenburg and Trutz-Eltz, two opposing castles of Archbishop Balduin von Trier in comparison , in: Burgen und Schlösser, Volume 44, Issue 3/2003, Pages 166–174.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ J. Mötsch, The Balduineen ... , document no. 1442 of January 8, 1340
  2. ↑ ( https://archive.org/stream/mittelrheinische04goer#page/280/mode/2up )
  3. ↑ https://www.regionalgeschichte.net/fileadmin/Superportal/Bibliothek/sammlungen/Ortslexikon/MermuthHOL.pdf
  4. ↑ Julia Eulenstein, Contested "Land" - The feudal leadership of Baldwin of Trier (1307-1354) along the Moselle , p. 190 f. in Olaf Wagner (Ed.) Die Burgen an der Mosel, Koblenz 2007.
  5. ↑ On the importance of a bailiff of Baldwin: Richard Laufener, The organization of offices under Baldwin of Luxembourg in Balduin of Luxembourg. 1285 - 1354. Church history of the Middle Rhine, vol. 53, p. 279 f., Mainz 1985.
  6. ↑ J. Mötsch, Balduineen , p. 566, document 1755
  7. ↑ Detailed in Hist. Local dictionary Rhineland-Palatinate: https://www.regionalgeschichte.net/fileadmin/Superportal/Bibliothek/sammlungen/Ortslexikon/RauschenburgHOL.pdf
  8. ↑ https://www.klosterlexikon-rlp.de/mosel-saar/beilstein-karmeliterkloster/geschichtlicher-abriss.html