Burggrafenburg (Nuremberg)

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The Burgamtmannshaus, one of the few remains of the Burggrafenburg.
The Walburgis Chapel, also one of the remains of the castle complex.

The Nuremberg Burggrafenburg was originally a self-sufficient castle area, which is now located in the eastern area of ​​the Nuremberg Castle . It is the oldest part of the Salic Nuremberg Castle. Until the middle of the 13th century, the castle complex had formed the administrative seat of the Burgraviate of Nuremberg , but was then replaced in this function by the Cadolzburg .

history

The Burggrafenburg was probably built on the site of a previous building, the castrum mentioned some time after 1050 . At first it was given to the lords of Raabs by the emperor as a fief. When the male line of the Counts of Raabs expired in 1191 with the death of Konrad II , his son-in-law Friedrich I became his heir. With the assumption of burgrave office, probably around 1192, the Zollern took over an influential role in the medieval empire for the first time. From 1260 onwards the Zollern moved their residence to Cadolzburg, west of Nuremberg. In Nuremberg itself, however, a Burgamtmann was appointed as a representative. His tasks corresponded roughly to those of a castellan . During the Bavarian War , the Burggrafenburg was captured by a nocturnal coup d'état led by Christoph Leininger , the Wittelsbach keeper of Lauf , and then burned down. The castle complex was not rebuilt by the Zollern afterwards. After the approval of King Sigismund , Friedrich, his wife and the members of his house who could be reached signed a contract with the council and thus with the imperial city of Nuremberg on June 27, 1427 for the sale of the Nuremberg castle including the office of the fortress and additional affiliations for 120,000 guilders . Although the Franconian Hohenzollern still had the addition of Burggraf zu Nürnberg in their title, this sale ultimately meant the end of the constitutional existence of the Burggrafschaft Nürnberg. The northern part of the castle, belonging to the castle count, had been in ruins since 1420. After the death of Konrad II von Raab (died approx. 1191), the southern part of the Burggrafenburg went to the Egidienkloster in Nuremberg. The remark of the Nuremberg city chronicler Sigmund Meisterlin (d. 1491) is understandable when he describes the Burggrafenburg as a parvum fortalitium , i.e. a small fortification. With the castle share, the possession of the two imperial forests was also given, but subject to the right of escort and wild bans , as well as the Zeidelgericht in Feucht . The sale was also associated with a financial loss due to the loss of income from the rich drapery suburb of Wöhrd . The reason for the sale was the financial bottleneck that Friedrich found himself in. It was caused by the high debt obligations of the numerous new acquisitions and the costly takeover of the Mark Brandenburg , here above all by the campaign in the Uckermark . As early as 1424, Friedrich had to forego the Nuremberg imperial coin, which he had only acquired in 1419, in exchange for a deposit transfer fee in favor of the city. In 1422, the Nuremberg Council also imposed a loan freeze.

investment

The area of ​​the facility, on the right the ravine that lines the rubble of the destroyed main complex.

The members of the Burggrafenburg buildings is the Fünfeckturm , the returning core of the Salian era castle bailiff house and the remains of the old Vestnertores . These parts of the castle are on the north side and directly border the moat. From the western Kaiserburgbahn the facility was a high curtain wall , the so-called secret Guard tour , and also belongs to the still Burggrafenburg Freiung separated. The south-east side of the castle complex was formed by the Walburgis chapel on the city side . The ravine that runs today between this and the five-cornered tower is lined on both sides by rubble from the central complex of the Burggrafenburg, which was destroyed in 1420.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stadtlexikon Nürnberg . Page 174
  2. ^ Heinrich Gradl : Regesten der von Zedtwitz , 1884  ( page no longer available , search in web archives ), p. 46, accessed on June 15, 2012 (PDF document)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.rororo-selb.de
  3. ↑ Birgit Friedel: Nürnberger Burg in the Historisches Lexikon Bayerns , from October 4, 2010. Retrieved on January 30, 2017.
  4. ^ Handbook of Bavarian History, Vol. 3/1, History of Franconia up to the end of the 18th century, Max Spindler / Sigmund Benker, Verlag Verlag CH Beck 1997; Pages 590-592
  5. ↑ Nürnbergische Münzbelustigungen for the year 1767. (etc.), Georg Andreas Will, Verlag Chr. Riegels Altdorf 1767, pages 29–31

Coordinates: 49 ° 27 ′ 29.5 "  N , 11 ° 4 ′ 37.5"  E