Raabs (noble family)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the von Raabs

The lords and counts of Raabs came from a Lower Austrian noble family and had their headquarters at Raabs Castle on the Thaya . From 1105 until their extinction in 1191 they provided the first burgraves of Nuremberg . They were followed there by the Hohenzollerns .

history

Raabs Castle on the Thaya

Gottfried II von Raabs was a son of Gottfried I von Gosham and grandson of Ulrich von Gosham , a nobleman from the area northwest of Melk . He called himself Gottfried von Raabs, after Raabs Castle on the Thaya . The chronicler Cosmas of Prague reports about Gottfried II, that he had taken in Lutold, a Moravian Přemyslid who was obviously at odds with his relatives , and that this guest then carried out night raids on Moravian territory, so that his uncle, Duke Břetislav II of Bohemia saw the move to Moravia with an army. But before fighting broke out, the duke tried to resolve the situation peacefully by reminding Gottfried of previous friendships and demanding that Lutold be extradited. The latter now occupied the castle with his people. At Gottfried's request, the Duke of Bohemia then besieged the castle for six weeks in 1093 until Lutold gave up and he gave Gottfried Raab's castle back.

Gottfried II was later appointed by Emperor Heinrich IV in 1105, together with his brother Konrad I von Raabs, as responsible for the Nuremberg Castle . Thus both became de facto the first burgraves of the burgraviate of Nuremberg , although the corresponding designation burggravius ​​de Norinberg was first used by Gottfried III. von Raabs , the son of Gottfried II., can be proven. King Conrad III. awarded the newly established burgraviate of Nuremberg with court and administration to the noble free von Raabs. The von Raabs provided the burgraves of Nuremberg from 1105 until the male line died out in 1191 . From 1192 they built the Burggrafenburg as the first part of the Nuremberg Castle , which was followed by the oldest parts of the Imperial Castle around 1200 .

After the Raabser Counts and Konrad II von Raabs died out around 1191, the two heir daughters married and the county was divided. The eldest daughter of Sophia von Raab was married to Friedrich III. from Zollern to the " ancestral mother " of the Hohenzollern and the later Prussian kings and German emperors. Friedrich was in 1190/91 by Emperor Heinrich VI. enfeoffed with the burgraviate of Nuremberg , whereby he shifted his focus from Swabia to Franconia. From there the line 1415 went to Brandenburg.

The Lower Austrian property was divided, the western part with Raabs Castle went to the Counts of Hirschberg-Tollenstein, the other part with the Raabs market around 1200 to Duke Leopold VI. from Austria.

The Nuremberg burgraves from the house of Raabs

Nuremberg Castle

Tribe list

  1. Ulrich I von Gosham (possibly identical with Udalrich von Gosham / Godesheim, who was a confidante of King Henry IV , accompanied him to Canossa in 1077 and died in Rome in the summer of 1083).
    1. Gottfried I von Raabs († around March 31, 1084), Lord of Gosham
      1. Gottfried II. Von Raabs († after May 14, 1147), Lord of Raabs, since 1105 burgrave of Nuremberg
        1. Gottfried III. von Raabs († after April 16, 1160), Burgrave of Nuremberg (1151–1160), Vogt of the Münchaurach Monastery (1158)
      2. Konrad I of Raabs († approx. 1143), Lord of Raabs, co-burgrave of Nuremberg (1105)
        1. Konrad II von Raabs (* around 1140; † after August 25, 1190), Count von Raabs (1147) and Lord von Rietfeld (1147), Burgrave of Nuremberg (1163); ∞ (around 1160) Hildegard (von Abenberg ) (* around 1130; † after 1160), daughter of Count Rapoto I (II.) Von Abenberg and Mathilde von Wettin
          1. Sophia von Raabs (* around 1170/75; † after 1204), heiress of Raabs, Nuremberg , Cadolzburg and Abenberg; ∞ (1184) Frederick III. (* around 1139; † after October 1, 1200), 1171 Count von Zollern , since 1192/93 as Friedrich I. Burgrave of Nuremberg
          2. Daughter ( Agnes von Raabs ) (* around 1154, † after 1217), heiress of the county of Litschau; ∞ () Count Gebhard II. Von Dollnstein (1215), Count von Hirschberg (1224), documented mention 1186 to 1191, (* around 1150; † before 1229)
        2. Ulrich III. (I.) († around 1170), Herr von Deggendorf (around 1140), Pernegg (1143) and Weitenegg ; ∞ () Kunigunde von Formbach-Pitten († after 1151), heiress of Formbach-Pitten, (∞ I: () Count Berthold I. von Dießen , Stein, Plassenburg and Andechs , († June 27, 1151)), daughter of Count Ekbert II von Formbach - Pitten (–1144) and Mathilde von der Steiermark (- (1100))
          1. Ekbert I. (* (1153); † January 19 (1200)), Lord of Pernegg (1171), Count of Deggendorf and Pernegg (1180), founded Pernegg Monastery in 1188 ; ∞ () Hedwig von Bogen († June 13 (1188)), daughter of Count Berthold II. Von Bogen († March 21, 1167) and Liutgard von Burghausen († February 24, 1195)
            1. Ulrich IV. (II.) († January 25 (1218)), Count of Pernegg (1200–), Count of Deggendorf (1203–); ∞ () Diemudis NN
              1. Ekbert III. (II.) († before July 25 (1250)), Count of Pernegg
            2. Ekbert II., Count of Pernegg, documented in 1188
            3. Eufemia, documented mention 1188, († before February 20 (1220))
      3. Ulrich II. († before 1138), Lord of Gosham, nobilis of Pernegg (around 1120)
      4. Gebhardt IV. (* Around 1055/60; † July 14, 1105 in Pöchlarn ), Bishop of Regensburg (1089–1105), murdered by ministers

According to Wilhelm Wegener, the progenitor of the Counts of Raabs, Ulrich I, was related to the Rapotonen / Diepoldingern. Wegener assumes that he was a younger son of Count Diepold I von Vohburg . However, Count Diepold's older sons died in battle in 1078 and 1080. The life dates of their children and wives also suggest that they were most likely born around 1030-1040. However, if they had had a younger brother, whose youngest grandson was born in 1055/60, they would have to have been much older.

literature

  • Eberhard Isenmann : The German city in the late Middle Ages. 1250-1500. City structure, law, city government, church, society, economy. Elmer, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-8001-2571-4 .
  • Klaus Rupprecht: Raabs . In: Michael Diefenbacher , Rudolf Endres (Hrsg.): Stadtlexikon Nürnberg . 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 ( online ).
  • Wilhelm Wegener: Genealogical tables for medieval history , Göttingen (travel), 1962… 1969
  • Karl Lechner: The Babenberger. Margraves and Dukes of Austria 976-1246 , Böhlau Verlag Wien-Cologne-Weimar 1992
  • Genealogy of the von Damm family in Braunschweig, vol. 7; Braunschweig 1970, The mass of the dynasts
  • Detlev Schwennicke : European Family Tables, New Series, Volume XVI., Plate 24, Publisher: Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt a. M. 1995, ISBN 3-465-02741-8

Web links