Rudenz castle ruins
| Rudenz castle ruins | ||
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 The rudenz castle ruins |
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| Creation time : | 1200 to 1250 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Ministeriale | |
| Place: | Giswil - Rudenz | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 49 '56.5 " N , 8 ° 11' 4" E | |
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The Rudenz castle ruins are the ruins of a spur castle in the Rudenz district of the same name in the municipality of Giswil in the Swiss canton of Obwalden . The castle was built in the first half of the 13th century.
description
The Rudenz ruins are the remains of a medieval fortification on a mountain spur above the Rudenz district in the municipality of Giswil. So far, the archaeological site has only been rudimentarily investigated. There are still several meter high walls of a square tower with the external dimensions of approx. 9.8 m by 11.1 m. The wall thickness is up to 1.8 m. The original height of the tower is unknown; there is no reliable information about the upper part. Suspect is a wooden cantilevered clerestory , as shown also in the stylized seal image of the Lords of Rudenz. Werner Meyer dates the time that the castle was built between 1200 and 1250.
In the Middle Ages in Giswil, three castle complexes were distributed along a line of a good two kilometers: Rudenz Castle was the easternmost . In the center, on the prominent hill where the parish church of St. Laurentius has stood since the 17th century, the Zwingel , the castle of the Lords of Hunwil, stood. To the west, in the Kleinteil district, stood a tower, the ruins of which have been known as the Rosenberg since the 17th century . This line must not be viewed as a military locking bar.
history
Two construction phases can be seen on the tower ruins. The first phase is characterized by the masonry made up of little worked rubble and moraine blocks. The large corner stones have been carefully carved into the edge of the finished building. The heavily weathered narrow notches on the 1st floor also originate from this phase . A second construction phase, which is to be scheduled around 1500, includes the ground-level entrance that was subsequently excavated and other structural changes.
The lords of Rudenz were the residents of the castle until the second half of the 14th century. These were ministerials of the barons of Brienz-Ringgenberg , from whom they received fiefs until the 14th century. The progenitor of the family was knight Heinrich von Ruttenze (1252–1272). From around 1320 the family can also be found in Obwalden, where Heinrich's sons in Giswil held fiefdoms of the Murbach-Lucerne monastery and the Beromünster monastery . In 1347 the family received the Meieramt Giswil, with the exercise of high jurisdiction, as an Austrian fief. In 1365 the Rudenz were able to inherit from Johann von Attinghausen and took up residence at the inherited Rudenz Castle in Flüelen .
Who later lived in the castle in Giswil is unknown. Landammann Heinrich Bürgler has been handed down as the owner of the castle for 1478, and Bürgler's son for the beginning of the 16th century. It is not known when the castle was abandoned. Since the walls of the ruin were mainly used as a quarry, the ruin threatened to disappear. In 1892 it was bought by the Historisch-Antiquarian Verein Obwalden, today Historischer Verein Obwalden (HVO), for 300 francs, together with a change of "five shoes " (i.e. one and a half meters).
Modern times
In 1994 the canton of Obwalden placed the ruins under monument protection. It is also listed as a B object in the list of cultural assets of the Federal Office for Civil Protection.
In spring 2008 the ruin was extensively renovated, after which the HVO donated the ruin to the canton of Obwalden. The transition of benefit and harm was set on December 1, 2009. In a symbolic act, the HVO handed over the ruins on April 20, 2010.
literature
- The castles of Giswil. Zwingel, Rudenz and Rosenberg. Edited by the Giswil Local History Association, Giswil 2008. In it, in particular, the contribution by Werner Meyer: Die Burgen von Giswil. Three medieval fortifications in a confined space , pp. 9–23.
Web links
- Ruine Rudenz Giswil ( Memento from January 15, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) Entry on steinzeichen.ch accessed on August 2, 2016
- Rudenz Castle / Giswil - Canton Obwalden Entry on burgenwelt.org, with information on the history and pictures from the time before the renovation in 2008, accessed on August 2, 2016
Individual evidence
- ↑ Franziska Hälg-Steffen: Rudenz, von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ^ Schloss Rudenz , entry on the website Castles of Switzerland by Daniel Grütter, accessed on December 7, 2012
- ↑ B objects OW 2018 . Canton of Obwalden KGS inventory, B objects, status: 1.1.2018 (no changes compared to previous year). In: babs.admin.ch / kulturgueterschutz.ch. Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP - Department of Cultural Property Protection, January 1, 2018, accessed on September 11, 2011 (PDF; 220 kB, 2 pages, updated annually, no changes for 2018).
- ↑ Handover of the Rudenz ruins on the HVO website, accessed on September 11, 2011