Bush pea bush

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Bush pea bush
Caragana frutex 2016-05-17 0262.jpg

Bush pea bush ( Caragana frutex )

Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Tribe : Galegeae
Genre : Pea bushes ( Caragana )
Type : Bush pea bush
Scientific name
Caragana frutex
( L. ) K. Koch

The bush pea bush or Russian pea bush ( Caragana frutex ) is a yellow flowering shrub and a representative of the butterfly family (Faboideae). The natural range of the species is in Europe and Asia. The species is rarely used as an ornamental shrub .

description

The Busch-pea grows as a spur driving shrub and reaches a height of 2 meters. The branches are thin, brown, yellowish gray or dark gray-green. The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 2 to 10 millimeters long. The leaf blade is fingered and divided into four leaflets . The leaflets are 6 to 10 millimeters long and 3 to 5 millimeters wide, obovate, lanceolate, glabrous or finely haired with a rounded to marginal tip. Both sides are dark green. The leaf stem is 1.5 centimeters long, leaf stem and stipules verdornen.

The butterfly flowers stand individually, in twos or threes on stems 0.9 to 2.1 centimeters long. The calyx is 6 to 8 millimeters long and tubular to bell-shaped. The corolla is yellow and 2 to 2.2 inches long. The flag is round, 1.6 centimeters wide and has a nail about 5 millimeters long . The wings have an edged tip, the nail is about as long as the plate and about three to four times longer than the auricles . The boat is about 2.2 centimeters long, the nail is shorter than the plate, and the auricles are inconspicuous. The ovary is bare. The legumes are 2 to 3 inches long and cylindrical. The bush pea bush flowers from May to June, the fruits ripen in July.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.

  • Caragana frutex 2016-05-17 0275.jpg
  • Caragana frutex 2016-05-17 0271b.jpg

Occurrence and location requirements

The natural range is in Europe in Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine and Russia; in Asia in the Russian republics of Dagestan and Karachay-Cherkessia , in the Russian regions of Krasnodar and Stavropol , in Siberia , Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and in the Chinese Xinjiang . It grows in steppes and dry forests at an altitude of 1000 to 2500 meters on dry to fresh, slightly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy, sandy-gravelly to sandy-loamy, nutrient-rich soils in sunny to light-shaded locations. The species is sensitive to moisture, loves warmth and is frost hardy.

Systematics

The bush pea bush ( Caragana frutex ) is a kind of the genus of caragana ( Caragana ) in the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). There it is assigned to the tribe Hedysareae in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae). Linnaeus has the type 1753 Species Plantarum as Robinia frutex ( Basionym ) first described , and thus the kind of the locust ( Robinia ) is assigned. Karl Heinrich Koch placed it in the genus of the pea bushes ( Caragana ) in 1869 . The generic name Caragana is derived from the Middle Turkish word qaraqan , which denotes a pea bush, the specific epithet frutex is derived from the Latin fruticescens , which means "half-shrubby".

use

The bush pea shrub is rarely used as an ornamental shrub due to its decorative flowers .

proof

literature

  • Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 10: Fabaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 , pp. 544 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 157.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 386 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 157 and Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 386
  2. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 157
  3. ↑ a b c d Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei, Peter S. Green: Caragana frutex , in: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China . Volume 10: Fabaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 , pp. 544 (English).
  4. ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 157
  5. ↑ a b Caragana frutex. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed April 8, 2012 .
  6. ↑ Robinia frutex. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed April 8, 2012 .
  7. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 126
  8. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 256

Web links

Commons : Caragana frutex  - collection of images, videos and audio files