Cäcilienbrunnen
The Cäcilienbrunnen is a listed fountain in the Cäcilienbrunnenstraße in Heilbronn . From 1588 a water pipe ran from the well house, which was once outside the city walls, into the city, which supplied six public wells, around 30 cisterns and a number of private wells. The Cäcilienbrunnenleitung was until the construction of the Heilbronn waterworks the most important facility of the municipal water supply Heilbronn.
history
The fountain in the south-east of the city, once named after a pit, Silchenbrunnen , was first mentioned in 1359. The well room draws its water from a meadow that extends to the east. In 1588 the council of the city of Heilbronn decided to channel the water from the well into the city via a wooden pebble pipe , where previously there had only been pump wells except for the seven-tube well . In 1589 the fountain was redesigned and in 1590 another storey was built over it. The builders Hans Stefan and Jakob Müller created the stone and one and a half story well house with a hipped roof . The well room in the basement of the building, which is open on one side, has a striking cross vault .
The current name of the fountain comes from the poet Sebastian Hornmold the Younger , who in 1632 described the fountain in a Latin poem as fons Ceciliae and, with poetic freedom, sealed a historic Cecilia chapel at the location of the fountain.
The coniferous wood required for the Teuch line was obtained from Mayor Simon Weinmann in 1588 from Hagenschieß and rafted to Heilbronn. The pitch line was laid underground to protect the wood from direct sunlight. The line followed the natural gradient from the Cäcilienbrunnen into the city and reached the city wall approximately at the level of the Fleiner Tor. This section had already been laid by the end of 1588. The route of the line was marked above ground by 50 well stones, each about 7 rods apart . From the Fleiner Tor, the aqueduct branched out into various quarters of the city, where it supplied around 30 cisterns and six public fountains, including the Hafenmarkt and Fleinertorbrunnen . In 1601 the entire aqueduct was completed. The water covered a distance of around 2.5 km from the Cäcilienbrunnen to the individual wells. In addition to the public wells and cisterns, water from the Cäcilienbrunnenleitung also flowed into the private wells in the houses of council members. The beneficiaries of the water had to maintain their wells themselves and to pay annual fees to the city treasury for the water. Some of the water purchase rights were tied to the buildings for an unlimited period of time and, in the event of sale or inheritance, were in some cases also passed on to persons outside the council. However, there were also water rights for life, such as was granted to the Teutonic Order Commander von Großschlag in the Deutschhof around 1700. Only owners of well letters were entitled to a constant supply of water, all other recipients were only entitled to water if there was sufficient overflow water in the cisterns and troughs. The water distribution was partly regulated by the well master with taps in the well rooms.
The filling of the Cäcilienbrunnen was at times insufficient to supply the city with water. In 1635, for example, only 16 of the city's 36 wells had water. Also from later years there is evidence of a lack of water as well as damaged wells and Teuchel, so that entire quarters had to do without running water. In 1731 the entire Cäcilienbrunnen system was completely renovated. The well house was renovated, the well room was redesigned and the wooden Teuchel was replaced by a stone candelabra covered with slabs . However, this candelabra often clogged, so that wooden Teuchel was laid again later. At some points of the Cäcilienbrunnenleitung Kandel and Teuchel were also parallel, so that one could switch to the other when repairing one of the lines. In 1836 the main line from the well to the camera office was renewed with pipes from the Waiblingen company Bihl.
1811 coming from Cecilia Well Water System of the city was by the construction of Pfühlwasserleitung from Pfühlbrunnen relieved to Hafenmarkt well and some private wells. After the Heilbronn waterworks fed its water into the city via elevated reservoirs on the Wartberg from 1875 , the Cäcilienbrunnenleitung lost its importance.
Festivals were celebrated at the Cäcilienbrunnen until 1938. Even before the Thirty Years' War there was evidence of an annual children's festival on the solstice, from 1824 the area near the Cäcilienbrunnen was the venue for the Heilbronn Autumn Festival.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Christhard Schrenk (Ed.): The water supply of the city of Heilbronn , Heilbronn 1996, p. 53.
literature
- Fritz Heinß, Gerhard Lang, Willi Lutz, Georg Volz: The water supply of the city of Heilbronn. Historisches Museum Heilbronn, Heilbronn 1975 ( Heilbronner Museumhefte. H. 5)
- Julius Fekete , Simon Haag, Adelheid Hanke, Daniela Naumann: Heilbronn district . (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , cultural monuments in Baden-Württemberg, Volume I.5.). Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , pp. 80-81 .
- Gerhard Schwinghammer and Reiner Makowski: The Heilbronner street names . Edited by the city of Heilbronn. Silberburg-Verlag , Tübingen 2005, ISBN 3-87407-677-6 , p. 49.
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 7 ′ 41.2 " N , 9 ° 13 ′ 51.4" E