Cadzand
 flag |
 coat of arms |
| province |
 Zeeland
|
| local community |
 Sluis
|
|
Area - land - water |
14.95 km 2 14.81 km 2 0.14 km 2 |
| Residents | 735 (Jan. 1, 2017) |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 22 ′ N , 3 ° 24 ′ E |
| Important traffic route |
 
|
| prefix | 0117 |
| Postcodes | 4504-4506, 4525 |
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Cadzand ( West Flemish Kezand ) is a place in the Dutch region of Zeeuws Vlaanderen on the border with Belgium . It has 735 inhabitants. Since the municipal reform in 2003, Cadzand has been part of the Sluis municipality . Sluis is part of the province of Zeeland .
There is a cycle path along the coast to Breskens .
Districts
Cadzand consists of the districts Cadzand-Bad and Cadzand-Dorf.
Cadzand bath
Cadzand village
Cadzand village is about two kilometers inland. It is an early medieval ring village that was built around the early Gothic Mariakerk from the beginning of the 14th century. The church has been restored several times and taken over by the Reformed in the 17th century during the Reformation . It is a hall church with a double nave, in which the transition from the Romanesque style to the Gothic can still be seen. The original large tower was demolished in 1677 and replaced by a wooden roof turret. Today's onion dome was built in 1930. The appearance of the village is still determined by old, interesting gables with the tree of life in the skylight of the door and by the "Nooitgedacht" mill, which is still in operation.
history
Cadzand (formerly Cadesant ) is one of the oldest branches of Zeeuws Vlaanderen . It was located on an island near the Zwin and was surrounded by a dike. In the area of today's Cadzand there were initially only Groden and Priele , which had formed in the area that was constantly overflowing. At that time the area was still very sparsely populated and the people who lived here are rightly regarded as pioneers of agriculture, so they were farmers. They have - mostly with bare hands - diked more and more polders and wrested land from the sea. In the course of many generations, the polder landscape was formed in which large farmsteads were built - distributed everywhere.
The settlement of Cadesant is mentioned for the first time in written records in 1111. Its name is probably due to the word "Cade", which could be translated as "small dike". Certainly a system of ramparts and levees protected the island on which Cadesant was founded from flooding. The founding of the small settlement as well as the construction of a chapel or church was the logical consequence.
The Battle of Cadzand in 1337 was a minor battle in the Hundred Years War . During this battle, the English raided the small Flemish island of Cadzand with the intention of provoking a reaction from the local garrison. Edward III hoped by an easy victory . to raise morale in England and that of its allies in mainland Europe.
On a map from the 14th century you can find an "Island of Catsant". When the dikes were breached in 1394 and 1398, a large part of the "Eiland van Cadzand" was lost.
Although the island grew due to further dikes, the limited number of people who settled there had to fight violently from time to time against the water floods that kept coming in. One of the worst setbacks was caused by the All Saints Flood of 1570. The events of the Eighty Years' War also left their mark on Cadzand. Among other things, in 1584 all barns and houses that had been built over the years were looted and set on fire. Storm surges and floods in the years that followed made the damage even worse.
After the Peace of Munster in 1648, however, the island of Cadzand - as it was called in the meantime - was again the granary of the region, which it had been before.
When the Huguenots were expelled from France in 1650, they settled in large numbers in the Cadzand area and became farmers here. A number of French names still bear witness to this today in the entire West Zeeuws Vlaanderen.
Centuries have now passed and further dikes have connected the various islands in the area to form larger units. The village of Cadzand also grew into a typical West Zeeuwsvlandrischen agriculture village.
After 1900 Cadzand got a completely different character. Cadzand-Dorf, Cadzand-Bad and Cadzand-Hafen were merged into one municipality.
Before the Second World War, the railway tracks in Cadzand ran to the 'Haventje' on the beach. The railroad network was originally built to transport sugar beets to the sugar factories, and since it existed, it was used to transport people. During the German occupation, the railway was confiscated by the Germans and used to transport building materials (sand, gravel, cement, barbed wire and wood) and of course to transport the people who had to process it. It was then used to build bunkers to defend the coastline. After the war, the train service was replaced by the use of buses. There was no longer any use for the railroad tracks. They were removed and sold abroad.
Cadzand was an independent municipality with approx. 960 inhabitants until the regional reorganization in 1970.
At the beginning of the 20th century the district of Cadzand-Hafen was built on the coast. Then the Cadzand-Bad district was formed due to the increase in beach recreation.
Attractions
- Cadzand mill; Nooit thought
- Boulevard de Wielingen
Fossil site
The beaches at Cadzand-Bad are known as good sites for shark teeth from the Neogene and Paleogene . The tidal current and the current of the Westerschelde erode layers on the seabed off the coast that contain fossils (shark teeth, ray teeth, other fish teeth) as well as mussels, teeth and vertebrae of fish and whales, crab parts, bones of mammals and birds. These are then washed up on the beaches by the tides . In addition, the beaches, which are important for tourism, are occasionally washed up in the winter months in order to increase them. The material for this comes from the Westerschelde. Depending on which layers are sucked in, fossil material also gets onto the beaches with the sand.
literature
- Ton Lindemann: Gids voor Strandfossielen van Cadzand en Nieuwvliet-Bad. Nederlandse Geologische Vereniging - Afdeling, Amsterdam 1998.
- Frank Trixler: Cadzand. In: Fossilien 4, Nr. 3, 1987, pp 106-107, ISSN 0175-5021 .
- Dirk Nolf: Fossielen van Belgie: Haai- en Roggetanden uit het Tertiair von Belgie. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen 1986.
- Claus de Wes: Shark teeth and other fossils on the beach. Haifischzahn Verlag, Cadzand.
- Leendert Fremouw; translated by D. Spoo-Ingendahl: A historical treatise by Cadzand.
- Jaap AJ Boekhout: Text from the book “Wentelende Wieken”, which was written on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Cadzander mill 'Nooitgedacht' and published in 1998. Translated by D. Spoo-Ingendahl.
Web links
- Tourist office website (German, Dutch, English, French)
- Cadzand: Website of the VVV Zeeland tourist office (German, Dutch, English)
- Tourist website (German)
- Mineralienatlas - Cadzand, information on fossils (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2017 Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek , accessed on April 10, 2018 (Dutch)