Calliandra surinamensis
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Habit of Calliandra surinamensis as an ornamental plant |
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Calliandra surinamensis is a flowering plant in the subfamily of the mimosa plants (Mimosoideae) within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). It isnativeto South America , is used as an ornamental plant in many tropical areas, and is a neophyte in many tropical areas. Its fruits are known in Suriname under the name "officierskwastje".
description
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Appearance and leaf
Calliandra surinamensis grows as a shrub or tree and reaches heights of up to 5 meters.
The alternate leaves arranged on the branches are pinnate in two pairs , with only two first-order pinnacles and each of these pinnacles has eight to twelve pairs of leaflets. The individual leaflets are lanceolate with a length of 11 to 16, rarely up to 25 millimeters and a width of mostly 3 to 4, rarely up to 5 millimeters.
Inflorescence and flower
Lateral on an inflorescence stem, many flowers stand together in a heteromorphic , head-shaped (capitulum), inverted-cone-shaped inflorescence . The bare, hermaphrodite flower has a double flower envelope . The cup-shaped calyx is 2 to 3 millimeters. The membranous petals are fused into a 6 to 7 millimeter long tube. The most conspicuous part of the flower are white stamens at the base, which are reddish or pinkish at the top.
fruit
The glabrous legume is 5 to 7.5 centimeters long and 8 to 10 millimeters wide, while its width increases slightly towards the tip. The seam of the legume is about 3 millimeters thick. Ripe legumes are dark brown.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
Similar species
Most similar to Calliandra surinamensis is the species Calliandra magdalenae . Calliandra magdalenae usually has more pairs of leaflets and is more robust. Another distinguishing feature is provided by the fruits, which in Calliandra surinamensis have significantly less thickening. Also Calliandra surinamensis found in Central America only in culture, while Calliandra magdalenae is native.
Occurrence and use
Calliandra surinamensis is common along streams and rivers in Guyana . It is often cultivated in the tropical zones of Central and South America in particular . Calliandra surinamensis usually thrives at altitudes up to 200 meters, but occurs up to 700 meters.
Taxonomy
The first description of Calliandra surinamensis was made in 1844 by George Bentham in London Journal of Botany , Volume 3, page 105. synonyms for Calliandra surinamensis Benth. are: Acacia fasciculata (Willd.) Poir. , Anneslia fasciculata (Willd.) Kleinhoonte , Calliandra angustidens Britton & Killip , Calliandra tenuiflora Benth. , Feuilleea fasciculata Kuntze , Inga fasciculata Willd.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Calliandra surinamensis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
swell
- Gerrit Davidse: Calliandra surinamensis , in: Flora de Nicaragua online last accessed July 30, 2013 (sections description and taxonomy)
- Marc van Roosmalen : Fruits of the Guianan Flora . National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Utrecht 1985, ISBN 9090009884 .
- Entry at International Legume Database & Information Service = ILDIS, Version 10.01, 2005. (Sections Distribution and Taxonomy)
