Capsicum ceratocalyx
| Capsicum ceratocalyx | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Capsicum ceratocalyx | ||||||||||||
| M.Nee |
Capsicum ceratocalyx is a species from the genus Paprika ( Capsicum ) inthe nightshade family (Solanaceae)described at the end of 2006. The species has so far only been found in the Bolivian department of La Paz .
description
Capsicum ceratocalyx is an approximately 1.5 m high shrub , the young shoots are finely haired with upright, curved, simple trichomes , the older shoots are almost hairless. The shoot builds up sympodially , in each of the branches two leaves are formed. These are 2 to 22.5 × 0.6 to 6.5 cm in size and come in two forms. The smaller leaf type is similar to the larger, but only about 1/3 of its size. They are elliptical to inversely lanceolate, almost hairless, some adjoining, 0.2 to 0.3 mm short trichomes can be found mainly on the leaf margin. The base of the leaf is pointed and often uneven, the tip of the leaf is long and pointed, the edge of the leaf is slightly rolled up. On the largest leaves, the petioles reach a length of up to 3 cm, in the flowering parts of the plant they are usually shorter than 8 mm.
The inflorescences are in the axils of the leaves of the larger type and consist of groups of six to nine flowers, of which, however, usually only one to four fruits forms. The flowers are attached to pedicels that are about 9 mm long during the flowering phase and lengthen to 19 to 23 mm during the formation of the fruit. At the base they have a diameter of about 1 mm, which increases evenly to 2.2 mm at the opposite end. The ribbed and winged cross-section of the flower stalks is striking. The calyx is cup-shaped, 5 to 5.5 mm long, the edge is interrupted or wavy. The five curved, 2 to 2.5 cm long, laterally flattened appendages of the calyx, which look almost horn-like, are striking. The corolla has a diameter of about 0.5 cm, is about 6 mm long, more or less bell-shaped to almost circular. The five strongly lobed petals are yellow with darker green spots inside the flower, the corolla tube is about 3 mm long, the triangular, pointed corolla lobes are about 3.5 × 1.5 mm in size, and the folded edge is papilous . The stamens are located inside the corolla, the stamens, which are deeply attached to the corolla tube, are about 1 mm long, the two tissue flaps above the point of adhesion are missing. The anthers are about 1.8 × 1.5 mm in size, egg-shaped and open along the longitudinal axis.
The fruits are 1 cm large, red, juicy, hairless berries that stand upright on the flower stalk.
Distribution and habitat
The species is only known from a few collections from the cloud and cloud forests in the Bolivian provinces of Nor Yungas and Sud Yungas in the La Paz department . The sites are at an altitude of 1700 to 2300 m.
Systematics
Phylogenetic studies place the species within the genus Capsicum in a Bolivian clade, which also includes the species Capsicum coccineum , Capsicum caballeroi and Capsicum minutiflorum . The group is mainly characterized by the yellow flowers, but the species have strong differences in the structure of the flowers, the inflorescences and the fruits.
etymology
The type epithet refers to the horn-like appendages of the calyx.
swell
- Michael Nee, Lynn Bohs and Sandra Knapp: New species of Solanum and Capsicum (Solanaceae) from Bolivia, with clarification of nomenclature in some Bolivian Solanum . In: Brittonia , Vol. 58, No. 4, Dec. 2006. pp. 322-356. doi : 10.1663 / 0007-196X (2006) 58 [322: NSOSAC] 2.0.CO; 2
- Carolina Carrizo García et al .: Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae) . In: Annals of Botany , Volume 118, 2016. Pages 35-51. doi: 10.1093 / aob / mcw079 .