Carl Adolph Gottlob von Schachmann
Carl Adolph Gottlob von Schachmann (born November 28, 1725 in Hermsdorf near Görlitz (now Jerzmanki in the rural community of Zgorzelec ); † January 28, 1789 in Herrnhut ) was a German landowner, naturalist, painter and numismatist.
Life
Carl Adolph Gottlob von Schachmann was the son of the manor owner and Royal British Dragoon captain (later major in the Garde du Corps in Warsaw) Ernst Moritz von Schachmann and his wife Sophia Magdalena née Freiin von Nostitz . From the age of 13 he was educated and instructed in Berlin under the supervision of Count von Zinzendorf by Heinrich Cossart, a member of the Moravian Brethren . Under his supervision and guidance he toured Germany, Holland, France, England, Denmark and Sweden. From 1744 to 1746 he completed studies at the universities of Leipzig , Erfurt and Tübingen . He spoke several languages without an accent .
In 1747 he took over the management of the Ober Linda and Hermsdorf family estates and, in 1752, after the death of his father, that of the Königshain estate . In Königshain he had a baroque palace built from 1764 to 1766 according to his own plans. He was very popular with his subjects. As early as ten years before the French Revolution , out of inner conviction, he lifted the hereditary servitude and the associated labor of his peasants.
He was very interested in science. In 1780 he wrote a treatise on the Königshain Mountains , and in 1783 he built the first lightning protection system in Lusatia. He was a co-founder of the Upper Lusatian Society of Sciences , which was one of the first to unite noble and middle-class researchers. He was also active as a painter, and provided his publications with his own graphics.
Von Schachmann was an art collector and also owned an extensive coin collection, about which he wrote a catalog that appeared in Leipzig in 1774 and which he bequeathed to the ducal collections of Gotha . Some of the holdings of his library have been preserved and are now kept in the Upper Lusatian Library of Sciences in Görlitz. Parts of his graphic collection, which are now in the graphic cabinet of the Kulturhistorisches Museum Görlitz, have also been preserved. They mainly include prints by Dutch and French masters of the 17th and 18th centuries.
Carl Adolph Gottlob von Schachmann was married twice. His first wife was Rosina Salome von Sassau, who died in 1751 after three years of marriage. In 1763 he married Antoinette Sophia Emilia von Damnitz. Both marriages remained childless. From 1785, at the age of 60, he retired to Herrnhut and spent his old age there with his second wife. After his death and the death of his wife, the inheritance fell to his nephew Carl Heinrich Ludwig von Heynitz according to his will .
Fonts
According to Johann Georg Meusel , von Schachmann published:
- Catalog raisonne d'une collection de medailles . Leipzig 1774
- Observations over the mountains near Königshayn in Upper Lusatia . Dresden 1780, uni-goettingen.de
- News of a storm on 23 Aug 1782 at Königshayn near Görlitz . In: Oberlausitzer provincial papers 1782
- Apology of the Count of Zinzendorf against Ceremonies et coutumes relig. de tous les peuples du monde . Amsterdam 1783.
literature
- Franz Schnorr von Carolsfeld: Schachmann, Karl Adolf Gottlob von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 30, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1890, p. 482.
- Rüdiger Kröger: Carl Adolph Gottlob von Schachmann (1725-1789) and the Orient. in: Sächsische Heimatblätter 62 (2016) 4, pp. 304–311.
- Thomas Thränert: The rulership as a space for knowledge and design - Carl Adolph Gottlob von Schachmann and his Gut Königshain, in: Die Gartenkunst, vol. 30 (2018), issue 1, pp. 63-74.
Individual evidence
- ^ Adolf Gottlob Schachmann ( Memento from January 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) in the Biographical Lexicon of Upper Lusatia
- ^ Siegfried Kohlschmidt: Excursion to Königshain: three castles and a park . ( Memento from September 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ altstadt-görlitz.de ( Memento from July 31, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Johann Georg Meusel: Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800 . Volume 12, p. 58
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schachmann, Carl Adolph Gottlob von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German landowner, naturalist, painter and numismatist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 28, 1725 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hermsdorf near Görlitz |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 28, 1789 |
| Place of death | Herrnhut |