Carl Brugger

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Anton Carl Brugger (born October 7, 1903 , † March 30, 1944 ) was a Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist .

Life

Brugger studied medicine at the University of Basel and entered 1928 in the time by Ernst Rudin led Psychiatric University Hospital Friedmatt one in Basel. In 1929 he received his doctorate under Rüdin.

At his instigation, Brugger founded and directed a genetic ward at the psychiatric clinic in Stadtroda in 1929/30 . His task was to research the " nonsense " in its various degrees. From 1930 to 1932 Brugger worked under Rüdin as a research assistant at the Genealogical-Demographic Department (GDA) of the German Research Institute for Psychiatry (DFA) in Munich. He took part in Rüdin's project to record the spread of mental disorders in the average population as completely as possible in five census areas spread across Germany. The aim was to determine and predict the hereditary influence of mental illnesses. Brugger was deployed at Kempten .

In 1932 he returned to Switzerland, where he again worked under John E. Staehelin as an assistant at the Friedmatt Psychiatric Clinic, where he also headed a department for genetics. From 1934 he was a school doctor in Basel. In 1936 he received his habilitation at the University of Basel.

Act

Brugger was one of the first to study the epidemiology of mental disorders in Switzerland. His main interest was the inheritance of "nonsense". He took the position that nonsense should be viewed as a hereditary burden that must be distinguished from ordinary stupidity. Accordingly, he advocated “excluding even the slight degrees of feeble-mindedness from reproduction if one wants to prevent the development of severe degrees of feeble-mindedness”.

Brugger gave lectures to spread eugenic thinking in public and fought for the expansion of genetic research in Switzerland. He was "one of the most ardent advocates of eugenic measures in German-speaking Switzerland".

Fonts (selection)

  • The hereditary position of graft schizophrenia . In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry . Vol. 113, 1928, pp. 348-378, doi: 10.1007 / BF02884509 .
  • To the question of a load statistic of the average population. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Vol. 118, 1929, pp. 459-488, doi: 10.1007 / BF02892924 (dissertation, University of Basel, 1929).
  • Attempt to count mental illnesses in Thuringia . In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Vol. 133, 1931, pp. 352-390, doi: 10.1007 / BF02909933 .
  • Psychiatric-genealogical investigations on an Allgäu rural population in the area of ​​a psychiatric census. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Vol. 145, 1933, pp. 516-540, doi: 10.1007 / BF02865882 .
  • Psychiatric results of a medical, anthropological and sociological population survey. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Vol. 146, 1933, pp. 489-524, doi: 10.1007 / BF02864910 .
  • Medical-biological basics of modern eugenic endeavors (= work from the curative education seminar Zurich. H. 5). Rotapfel, Erlenbach-Zurich 1934.
  • Family examinations in alcohol delirants. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Vol. 151, 1934, pp. 740–788, doi: 10.1007 / BF02865489 (habilitation thesis, University of Basel).
  • The fertility of the hereditary feeble-minded. In: Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry . Vol. 37 (1936), H. 2, pp. 229-237.
  • Studies on the fertility of the teaching staff of eleven Swiss cantons. In: Archive of the Julius Klaus Foundation for Heredity Research, Social Anthropology and Racial Hygiene . Vol. 12 (1937), H. 3/4, pp. 632-650.
  • Psychiatric inventory in the area of ​​a medical-anthropological census near Rosenheim. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Vol. 160, 1938, pp. 189-207, doi: 10.1007 / BF02877975 .
  • Eugenic sterility. In: Ludwig Binswanger , Friedrich Braun, Carl Brugger: Prevention of hereditary offspring. A critical consideration and appreciation. Edited by Stavros Zurukzoglu . Schwabe, Basel 1938, pp. 222–226.
  • Hereditary diseases and how to combat them. Rotapfel, Erlenbach-Zurich 1939.
  • Eugenics in Switzerland. In: Swiss University Newspaper . Jg. 14 (1940), H. 2 (1940), pp. 107-116.
  • The geographical distribution of mental illnesses. In: Swiss Medical Weekly . Vol. 71 (1941), H. 29, pp. 1-9.

literature

  • Manfred Bleuler : Karl Brugger. October 7, 1903-30. March 1944. In: Negotiations of the Swiss Natural Research Society . Vol. 124 (1944), pp. 307-310 ( digitized version ).
  • Michael Eyl: "s'chunnt uf ds mal en unggle füre wo dir nüt heit gwüsst dervo." Names and facts about Swiss psychiatric eugenics up to 1945. In: Christian Mürner (Ed.): Ethics, Genetics, Disability. Critical contributions from Switzerland. Swiss Central Agency for Curative Education, Lucerne 1991, pp. 75–92, here: pp. 80–82.
  • Hans Jakob Ritter: Psychiatry and Eugenics. On the development of eugenic thought and action patterns in Swiss psychiatry, 1850–1950. Chronos, Zurich 2009, pp. 175–198.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carl Brugger: The hereditary connection of quantitatively different degrees of weakness. In: Der Erbarzt. Vol. 3 (1936), H. 8, pp. 119-121. Quoted from Eyl 1991.
  2. ↑ Nadja Ramsauer, Thomas Meyer: Blind spot in the welfare state. Eugenics in German-speaking Switzerland. In: Traverse . Vol. 2 (1995), H. 2, pp. 117-121, doi: 10.5169 / seals-7253 , here: p. 117.
personal data
SURNAME Brugger, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brugger, Anton Carl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist
DATE OF BIRTH October 7, 1903
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1944