Carl Schwaner

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Carl Anton Ludwig Maria Schwaner (born February 16, 1817 in Mannheim , † March 30, 1851 in Batavia, Dutch East Indies (today's name: Jakarta , Indonesia )) was a German geologist and explorer .

Life

Schwaner studied mineralogy and geology at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg and the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität . In 1838 he became active in the Corps Guestphalia Bonn . After his doctorate as Dr. phil. he was appointed in early 1842 on the recommendation of Coenraad Jacob Temminck as a member of the Scientific Commission in the Dutch East Indies . As a prospector he was later Indonesia to mineral resources and coal camps looking for. From the end of 1843 he explored Borneo . From November 2, 1847 to February 2, 1848 he was the first European to cross the center of the island from Banjarmasin to Pontianak across the central watershed . He conducted ethnological , zoological , botanical , topographical and geological studies. In continuation of earlier expeditions , he investigated the navigability of the Barito and other rivers.

and display information about the image
Attempt to map the journeys of swans on Borneo

In the spring of 1848, when he returned to Batavia (Dutch East Indies) to evaluate his notes , he founded the Koninklijke Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch Indië . At the end of 1850 he was commissioned to explore the south-east of Borneo. Schwaner probably died of malaria before leaving when he was 34 years old.

Most of Schwaner's notes were only published posthumously and the estate was auctioned. Only a little got into the Reichsmuseum für Völkerkunde . That is probably why the first great explorer of Borneo was soon forgotten. Gustaaf Adolf Frederik Molengraaff traveled to Borneo 50 years later and named the mountains in the southwest of the island after Schwaner.

See also

Publications

  • Iets omtrent de Borneo Steenkolen. In: Indian Archief. I, Batavia 1850, Part II, pp. 152–157.
  • Results from an onderzoek naar the Baritostroom, ten opzigte zijner bevaarbaarheid voor larger vaartuigen . In: Indian Archief. I, Batavia 1849, pp. 394-410.
  • Reis naar, en aanteekeningen relevant de steenkolen van Batoe Belian (Zuid-Oostkust van Borneo) , by CM Schwaner, in leven Lid the natural record commission in Nederlandsch Indiĕ; noted by Dr. JH Croockewit Hz. - In: Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indiĕ, derde Jaargang, Batavia, Lange & Co., 1852. pp. 673–688.
  • Geological uitstapjes in de omstreken van Buitenzorg, voornamelijk op den Salak. door (wijlen) CM Schwaner. - In: Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indiĕ. Nieuwe series. Deel II, Batavia, Lange & Co., 1853. pp. 369-426.
  • Aanteekeningen concerning own maatschappelijke instellingen en gebruiken der Dajaks van Doesson (1), Moeroeng (2) en Siang (3), aangeten onder de bij het Gouvernement van Ned. Indiĕ berustende papers from CM Schwaner, in leven lid the natural certificate commissioner in N. Indiĕ. Nader noted by Dr. JH Croockewit Hz. - In: Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- and Volkenkunde, uitgegeven door het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Deel I. Batavia, Lange & Co., 1853. pp. 201-234.
  • Historical, geographical en statistieke aanteekeningen concerning Tanah Boemboe , a found in the Gouvernement van Ned. Indiĕ berustende papers from CM Schwaner, in leven lid the natural document inspector in N. Indiĕ, brought about by H. von Dewall and E. Netscher. - In: Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- and Volkenkunde, uitgegeven door het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Deel I. Batavia, Lange & Co., 1853. pp. 335-371.
  • The first steamship in Mandawe . In: S. Friedmann (Ed.): Die Ostasiatische Inselwelt: Land and people of the Dutch East Indies, the Sunda Islands, the Moluccas and New Guinea . Volume 1: The tropical island of Java. Spamer, Leipzig 1868, p. 132 ( books.google.de ).

Schwaner's main work:

  • Borneo. Description of the stroomgebied van den Barito en irritation long a few first name rivieren van het zuid-oostelijk Gedeelte van dat eiland by Dr. CALM swan. op last van het Gouvernement van Nederl: Indie gedaan in de Jaren 1843–1847. with plates en one card. Amsterdam, Uitgegeven van wege het Koninklijke Instituut voor de taal, land en folkenkunde van Neerl.-Indiɵ̃. Te Amsterdam, bij PN van Kampen, 1853–1854. 2 volumes. (2), 234; (XIV), 200 p., With 2 chromolithogr. Vignettes on the title pages, 2 chromolithogr. Cover pictures and 22 chromolithogr. Plates (partly from clay plate) after Auguste van Pers and Heinrich von Gaffron, lithographed by CW Mieling.
    A card folded several times belongs to this work:
    Kaart der Verkennings reizen op Borneo. Gedaan door het Lid der Commissie dead Natuurkundig onderzoek, Dr. CM Schwaner, gedurende de jaren 1841, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 en 1848. Uitgegeven van wege het Konl. Inst. Voor de taal, land en folklore Nederlandsch-Indiɵ̃. 1853.
    Posthumously published by the secretary of the institute, Prof. Jan Pijnappel Gz.
    Detailed review of this major work in: Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Erdkunde, ed. by K. Neumann. New episode. Second volume. Berlin, Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, 1857, pp. 282–285. Digital copy : digizeitschriften.de (accessed on May 15, 2016).
  • From this work

  • Title page of the first volume

  • Title page of the second volume

  • Bandjermassin

  • A Dayak village (fortress)

  • Kotta Baru at Kapuas Murung

  • A deer hunt near Martapura.
    Cover picture in the first volume.

  • A bilian festival of the Dayak by Sungie Pattay in 1846

  • Ngadjus from South Borneo.
    Cover picture in the second volume.

Kaart der Verkennings reizen op Borneo

Honors

  • Swan Mountains on Borneo (Indonesian name: Pegunungan Schwaner).
  • Karl-Schwaner-Strasse in Mannheim

literature

  • Adolf Bernhard Meyer:  Schwaner, Carl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 33, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 183 f.
  • Markus Tremmel:  Schwaner, Carl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , p. 782 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • John Bastin, Bea Brommer: Nineteenth century prints and illustrated books of Indonesia. Het Spectrum, Utrecht / Antwerp, 1979. ISBN 90-274-9628-5 . Note 580 (pp. 187-188).
  • Karl Helbig : The island of Borneo in research and literature. In: Mitteilungen der Geographische Gesellschaft in Hamburg, Volume 52, 1955 self-published by the Geogr. Society, p. 131 f.
  • Karl Helbig: Carl Anton Ludwig Maria Schwaner. A researcher in an unknown wilderness. In: Übersee-Rundschau, vol. 3, Hamburg 1951, issue 2. pp. 84–85.
  • Karl Helbig: A man from Mannheim explores Borneo. In memory of the researcher Carl Anton Ludwig Maria Schwaner (100th anniversary of his death). In: Mannheimer Morgen, No. 74 of March 30, 1951.
  • Markus A. Maesel: A Mannheimer in Indonesia - the natural scientist Dr. Schwaner (1817-1851). In: Kita. The magazine of the German-Indonesian Society Cologne, issue 1/05, pp. 82–91. Cologne 2005. - Also in: Annual report of the Verein für Naturkunde e. V., founded in 1833. New series, No. 8 for the years 2002 to 2004. Mannheim 2005, pp. 139–146. - On the Internet: Publication in our own weblog “Weltgeflüster, Notes am Wegesrand”, October 2009 edition (PDF file weltgefluester.de , very detailed).
  • Robert-Pfaff-Giesberg: A Mannheimer explored Borneo. In: Official Journal for the City of Mannheim, January 5, 1951, p. 3.
  • Theodor Posewitz: Borneo. Voyages of discovery and research. Current state of geological knowledge. Distribution of the usable minerals. Berlin, R. Friedländer & Sohn, 1889. P. 18 ff. - Presentation of the scientific results. ( archive.org ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to another source: † in Buitenzorg (today's name: Bogor ).
  2. ↑ Kösener corps lists 1910, 21/241.
  3. ^ Markus Tremmel:  Schwaner, Carl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , p. 782 f. ( Digitized version ).
  4. ^ New Year's Gazette . tape 186 . Leemann, 1984, p. 12 ( books.google.de - restricted view).
personal data
SURNAME Schwaner, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schwaner, Carl Anton Ludwig Maria (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist and explorer
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1817
PLACE OF BIRTH Mannheim
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1851
Place of death Batavia , Dutch East Indies