Caspar Heunisch

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Caspar Heunisch , also Kaspar Heunisch (born July 16, 1620 in Schweinfurt , † October 18, 1690 ibid) was a German Lutheran theologian and hymn poet.

Heunisch, the son of a glazier, studied Protestant theology in Jena from 1639 after attending the Schweinfurt high school , where he received his master's degree . After a brief activity as a private tutor in Halle (Saale) , he became a pastor in Priesenhausen near Schweinfurt in 1645. 1646 moved to the parish in Oberndorf near Schweinfurt. In 1647 he became subdeacon at St. Johanniskirche in Schweinfurt, rose to deacon in 1654, archdeacon in 1660, and in 1665 to pastor ( superintendent ). He was also a professor and inspector at the Schweinfurt high school .

Heunisch published numerous funeral sermons , but also a number of theological works, including an outline of Leonhard Hutter's Compendium Locorum Theologicorum and writings against Catholics and Reformed people. A special focus were studies on the calculation of time , where he continued the work of Matthäus Hoffmann (1615–1667). In-depth studies of the apocalyptic books of the Bible ( Ezekiel , Daniel , Revelation of John ) should serve to calculate the millennium. Heunisch saw the biblical prophecies as fulfilled in the history of the church and therefore fought against contemporary chiliasm . For the near future he foresaw a second religious war between Catholics and Protestants, and later a Turkish occupation of the Christian countries. Both Philipp Jakob Spener and Christian Thomasius criticized Heunisch's end-time calculations.

His hymn O eternity, you word of joy, which refreshed me on and on, o beginning after end, found even greater distribution than Heunisch's learned works . It was first published in 1688 and was still included in the Evangelical Church Hymns (EKG No. 325).

Fonts (selection)

  • Clouds founded on the river Volga / over the approaching 1670th year / Whether the Judgment Day is to be hoped for or to be presumed? Nuremberg 1670.
  • Nicodemus, or the court-catholic religion: put to the test / and by testimony I. of H. Schrifft / II. Of the papal churches / III. Of the most distinguished papal scribes / IV. Distinguished old and new church teachers / rejected . Altenburg 1672.
  • Epitome Analytica Locorum Theologicorum, In Compendio D. Leonhardi Hutteri Comprehensorum . Nuremberg 1674.
  • Turk danger: How big it is / how far it will / ... extend / and when it will end / ... From the Revelation of St. Johannis / shown in the month of Julio Anno 1683 . Nuremberg 1683.
  • Clavis I. Apocalyptica, & II. Ezechielica: Illa ad recludendam & intelligendam Apocalypsin, e Manuscripto B. Dn. Matth. Hofmanni, Machaeropoei dicti; Haec Ad Ezechielis Templum Et Civitatem ... Rothenburg / Tauber 1684.
  • Main key about the great revelation of S. Johannis /: Which by explaining all and every numbers / that appear in it / and mean a certain time / to the actual and correct understanding opens ... Schleusingen 1684 (reprint on behalf of the International Working Group for Theological Bach Research eV edited by Thomas Wilhelmi; 1981).
  • In Canticum Canticorum Commentarius Apocalypticus,: in quo Textus cum tribus Versionibus legitur, Philologice explicatur, verusque a Spiritu S. intentus sensus Indigatur & exponitur ... Leipzig 1688.
  • Antichiliasm, that is / refutation of the so-called fulfillment of the prophecies / which was translated into German in the French language in the year 1686 by SPIPEPETh.AR also in the same year: the German reader for service in his language in two parts /. .. Schweinfurt 1689.

literature

  • Christian Schümann: A useful heaven pledge: the Schweinfurt pastor dynasty Heunisch . In: Johannes Strauss, Kathi Petersen (Hrsg.): Streiflichter on the church history in Schweinfurt . Schweinfurt 1992. pp. 80-82.
  • Johannes Wallmann :  Heunisch, Caspar . In: Religion Past and Present (RGG). 4th edition. Volume 3, Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2000, Sp. 1718.
  • Heunisch, Caspar . In: Bernd Moeller , Bruno Jahn (Hrsg.): German Biographical Encyclopedia of Theology and the Churches (DBETh). de Gruyter, Berlin 2005, p. 650.
  • Walter Sparn: "Time Order". The main antichiliastic key to the great revelation of S. Johannis by Caspar Heunisch (1684) . In: Morgen-Glantz. Journal of the Christian Knorr von Rosenroth Society 21, 2011. pp. 159–187 (reprinted in: Walter Sparn: Piety, Education, Culture: Theological Essays I. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 293–318).

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personal data
SURNAME Heunisch, Caspar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Heunisch, Kaspar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian and hymn poet
DATE OF BIRTH July 16, 1620
PLACE OF BIRTH Schweinfurt
DATE OF DEATH October 18, 1690
Place of death Schweinfurt