Caspar Hoyer

Caspar Hoyer (born July 28, 1540 in Husum , † November 19, 1594 in Husum) was a stallion in the Eiderstedt landscape .

ancestors

Caspar Hoyer's ancestors are believed to be from County Hoya . His great-grandfather Hinrich had settled in Bremervörde around 1440 . His son Jacob Hoyer, a mercenary leader , who was born there , fought on the side of the Danish King Christian I against insurgents. He later became bailiff in Rotenburg an der Wümme . His son Hermann (1477–1541) was born during his stay in Husum and served the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and later Danish King Friedrich I.as a military leader. In 1513 he was ennobled and married Frederick's illegitimate daughter Catharina (1491–1534). When she died, he married Maria Knutzen (~ 1515–1560) in 1535, the daughter of another illegitimate daughter of Friedrich. Caspar Hoyer comes from this second marriage.

Life

Since his father died a year after his birth and his mother soon remarried, Caspar Hoyer grew up with his stepfather Cornelius von Hammesfort, the personal physician of the Danish King Christian III. , and was brought up together with his sons. From 1555 he attended the Johanneum Lüneburg and lived with Lucas Lossius . In 1557 he took up law studies in Copenhagen , which he continued in Wittenberg , Strasbourg , Cologne and Frankfurt an der Oder . After completing his studies, the king sent him to Poland as a diplomat in 1563 .

Shortly afterwards, Caspar Hoyer entered the service of the king's younger brother, Duke Adolf I of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf . In 1578 he appointed him to the stable of the three countries Eiderstedt, Everschop and Utholm . In this role he contributed to the economic boom in the landscape. Under his administration, Eiderstedt received new dyke legislation and a new land law , and in 1586, Johannes Pistorius, husband of Hoyer's cousin Mette Hoyers, had its own provost . In 1581 he had the Tönninger Castle built, which from then on served as his official residence. New dikes and sluices were built, including the Adolfskoog , named after the duke, which was dyed. The north and south boat trips planned by Caspar Hoyer , which were supposed to facilitate the transfer of goods through the country because the roads in the marshland were impassable for most of the year, were only completed by his son and successor Hermann Hoyer (1571–1622). At his suggestion, Tönning and Garding received city ​​rights . In 1591 he was also appointed governor of Norderdithmarschen and Helgoland . However, he could not take up these offices.

Caspar Hoyer's official residence at Tönning Castle

When he died in 1594 he owned over 700 hectares of land in Eiderstedt and the Südergoesharde . On the country estate of Hoyersworth , which had been awarded to him in 1587 with all the rights of a manor , he built a manor house, which he never saw completion. In 1598 he was posthumously accused of bribery, which deprived his son and successor Hermann Hoyer of a large part of the inherited property. As a kind of compensation, Duke Johann Adolf married him in 1599 to Anna Hanß , the richest heiress in the country.

literature

• Johannes Jasper: Kasper Hoyer - Eiderstedt's largest stallion. A picture of his life and work. Garding 1924. (annotated new edition 2012)
• Rune Kjellander: Familjen Hoyer in Schleswig-Holstein and Sverige. Värmdö 1996.
• Dieter Lohmeier: Hoyer, Caspar. In: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon. Volume 3, Neumünster 1974, pp. 154-156.