Caspar Posner

Caspar Posner also: Poßner, Possner (born May 11, 1626 in Gera ; † March 1, 1700 in Jena ) was a German physicist and doctor.

Life

Posner was the son of the Count's Russian-Plauish bailiff and rent manager Corbinian Posner and his wife Katharina Alberti (born August 10, 1633 in Gera), daughter of the Count's Reussian-Plauic locker and bailiff in Lobenstein and Schleiz Johann Albert. After initial training by private tutors, he attended the Rutheneum in Gera , which was then under the direction of Rector Gottfried Lindemuth (born September 23, 1609 in Eisleben; † January 15, 1645 in Gera). After he left this educational institution, he began to study philosophical and medical sciences at the University of Jena in 1645 . Here Daniel Stahl and Johann Zeisold (1599–1667) were his formative teachers. In the meantime he also attended lectures at the University of Wittenberg . On August 10, 1648, in Jena, he acquired the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophical sciences and then concentrated on studying medical sciences.

It was here that Werner Rolfinck , Gottfried Möbius and Christoph Schelhammer (1620–1651) were his leading teachers. In addition, he also participated in the lectures at the Jena University. After Posner had been offered a professorship in medicine and physics at the University of Rinteln , attempts were made to keep him in Jena. In 1652 he received the extraordinary professorship in physics, which in 1656 became a full professorship. Posner made experiments in the field of mechanics and thermodynamics, using the works of Robert Boyle . His work also includes medical work. In the winter semester of 1669, for example, he obtained a licentiate in medicine and also took part in the organizational tasks of the Jena Salana. He was repeatedly dean of the philosophical faculty and in the summer semester of 1659, 1677 and 1697 rector of the alma mater .

Posner was married twice.

His first marriage was around 1656 with Anna Magdalena Francke (* Gera; born July 8, 1666 in Jena), the daughter of the Reussian-plauic court pharmacist and councilor in Gera David Francke and his wife Anna Justina NN. The son Johann Kaspar Posner (* May 5, 1657 in Jena; † July 29, 1657 ibid.) Is known from their marriage; the daughter Anna Justina Posner (born 1662 in Jena; born March 16, 1662 ibid.) and Magdalena Sophia Posner (born May 31, 1663 in Jena; † February 3, 1687 in Pforta) who lived on November 22, 1686 in Jena married to the teacher in Schulpforta Johann Heinrich Kromayer (* ± 1655 Oberweimar; † September 5, 1720 in Memleben).

His second marriage was in August 1667 with Catharina Dorothea Zopf (* February 8, 1644 in Gera; † March 19, 1697 in Jena), the daughter of the superintendent in Gera Johann Caspar Zopf (* October 16, 1609 in Lobenstein; † 16 February 1682 in Gera) and his first wife Susanna Richter (* July 10, 1625 in Gera; † December 12, 1667 ibid.). The lawyer Friedemann Posner (born January 22, 1672 in Jena; † April 15, 1731 in Arnstadt), the physicist and rhetorician Johann Caspar Posner (born December 31, 1670 in Jena; † October 23, 1718 ) are known from the children of this marriage ibid.), as well as the daughter Catharina Susanna Posner (born July 3, 1669 in Jena; † March 2, 1714), who married Johann Franz Buddeus on February 27, 1693 .

Works (selection)

• De monstris: Disputatio Physica. II. Jena 1652 ( online )
• Caji Jul. Caesaris Politica. Jena 1655 ( online )
• Caji Jul. Caesaris interitus historice ac politice delineatus. Jena 1655 ( online )
• Disputatio metaphysica de potentia absoluta ac ordinata, secundum sententiam Thomae ac Scoti. Jena 1656 ( online )
• Dodecas Qvaestionum Controversarum Circa Doctrinam De Matrimonio. Jena 1657 ( online )
• Disp. physica de morte. Jena 1659
• Ferculum academicum de alimenti vera et viva indole atque ingenio. Jena 1659
• Dan. Stalii notae et animadversiones in Compendium Dialecticae Cour. Hornaei cura Casp. Posneri. Jena 1660
• Diss. De Coralio, Balsamo et Saccharo. Jena 1661
• Disp. phys. de singularibus, ac mirandis quibusdam, quae morte Christi in natura acciderunt, utrum a natura fuerint. Jena 1661
• De Virunculis Metallicis. Jena 1662 ( online )
• Disputtatio Philosophica de Loco. Jena 1662 ( online )
• Disp. de Coelo Empyraeo. Jena 1663
• Exercitium acad. de subditis seu parentibus. Jena 1663 ( online )
• Disputatio Physica de principatu partium in corpore animalium. Jena 1663 ( online )
• De sudore Christi sanguineo, utrum naturalis fuerit? Jena 1665 ( online )
• Disp. de Chylo in corporibus hominum. Jena 1666
• Disp. phys. de ordine patrium in compositione ac formatione coporis animalium. Jena 1668
• Disp. de Circulo s. Circulari probatione. Jena 1670
• Disp. phys. de pluvia sanguinaria. Jena 1670 ( online )
• Disp. de respiratione, oumprimis ut in hominibus habet. Jena 1671
• Disp. de sudore Christi sanguineo ...
• Disp. phys. de principiis generationis atque nativitatis frumanae. Jena 1672
• Diatribe de longaevitate hominum. Jena 1673 ( online )
• Disp de nutritione. Jena 1676 ( online )
• Disp. de sensibus fallacibus. Jena 1676
• Disp. physica de foetuum in uteris vita. Jena 1676 ( online )
• Disp. de manna. Jena 1677 ( online )
• Dissertationes de ignium generatione. Jena 1678
• Urgent but unpredictable reflection on the recent December 5th. This 1682nd year in the Lufft in many places in Germany noted a fiery apparition. Jena 1682
• Diss. Phys. De animae adcessu in generatione hominis, quando hic fiat cumprimis secundum sententiam Aristotelis. Jena 1688 ( online )
• Dissertatio Physica de Palingenesia, sive Reditu Corruptorum, & speciatim. Jena 1688 ( online )
• Dissertatio Philosophica De Memoriae Adminiculis. Jena 1689 ( online )
• Disp. phys. de tempore, an et quid sit? Jena 1692 ( online )
• Geneantropologia, sive generat. humani descriptio, succinctis tabulis adornata. Jena 1692 ( online )
• Diss. Phys. De viventibus mobilibus a seipsis, secundam sententiam Aristtelis aliorumque Veterum & contra modernam Scholam Cartesianam. Jena 1697 ( online )
• Physiologia concept et nativitatis Christi. Jena 1702 (published by his son JC)

literature

• Johann Christian Poggendorff : Biographical-literary concise dictionary for the history of the exact sciences. Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig, 1863, 2nd vol., P. 507 ( online )
• Johann Caspar Zeumer, Christof Weissenborn: Vitae Professorum Theologiae, Jurisprudentiae, Medicinae et Philosophiae qui in illustri Academia Jenensi, ab ipsius fundatione ad nostra usque tempora vixerunt et adhuc vivunt una cum scriptis a quolibet editis quatuor classibus. Johann Felici Bieleck, Jena, 1711, p. 116 (Philos)
• Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General Scholar Lexicon, Darinne the scholars of all classes, both male and female, who lived from the beginning of the world to the present day, and made themselves known to the learned world, After their birth, life, remarkable stories, Withdrawals and writings from the most credible scribes are described in alphabetical order. Verlag Johann Friedrich Gleditsch , Leipzig, 1751, Bd. 3, Sp 1719
• Posner (Caspar). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 28, Leipzig 1741, column 1739.
• Johann Christoph Adelung , Heinrich Wilhelm Rotermund: Continuation and additions to Christian Gottlieb Jöcher's general scholarly lexico, in which writers of all classes are described according to their most distinguished living conditions and writings. Johann Georg Heyse, Bremen, 1819, Vol. 6, 704

Web links

• Works by and about Caspar Posner  in the German Digital Library