Castro de Sabroso
Coordinates: 41 ° 30 ′ 43.3 " N , 8 ° 20 ′ 29.6" W.
The Castro de Sabroso (also Citânia de Sabroso) is located on Monte do Couto de Sabroso in the village of São Lourenço de Sande not far from Guimarães in Portugal . From the village of Sabroso , the road R. Castro de Sabroso leads north up the mountain and on to the neighboring village of Bairros .
Celtic tribes settled since around 700 BC. BC on the Iberian Peninsula and merged with the Iberians to form the Celtiberians . About 30 tribes of the Lusitanians settled in southern Portugal and built castros and citânias, some of which were still inhabited in Roman times (from 200 BC). However, the name Castrokultur for this era is now controversial.
- Castro de Sabroso
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The Castro de Sabroso was built between 800 and 300 BC. Built in BC, lies on a 278 meter high hill and is surrounded by dense trees; its inner surface shows gorse and mimosa vegetation .
Two of the wall rings are still up to a height of four meters. A wall shell in front is partially visible. For Martins Sarmento (1833–1899), the discoverer of the Castros in northern Portugal, Sabroso was the example of a complex completely free from Roman influences, in contrast to the neighboring and larger Citânia de Briteiros , where he recognized a strong Romanization . Rudolf Virchow even compared the autodidact Martins Sarmento with Heinrich Schliemann . The apodictic contradiction that Martins Sarmento founded no longer exists today, but Roman finds are much rarer here than in Briteiros.
Parts of a Pedra Formosa and foundations of round huts are still preserved with a stone block in the center that is believed to have been part of the roof support.
Picked bowls and concentric circles ( cup-and-ring markings ) can be found near the trigonometric point on the highest rock .
In addition to the finds and the interior construction, one can visit the ornate components exhibited in the Museu da Sociedade de Martins Sarmento in the monastery of St. Dominic in Guimarães and a round house with relief decorations that was erected there again . The latter is likely to correspond to the latest phase of Sabroso and could already be Roman times. Among the small finds, the ornate mica-containing ceramics should be noted, among the fibulae the Sabroso type, which began in the 5th century BC. Is dated.
Web links
- Sign pointing to the Castro de Sabroso (last accessed on December 14, 2012)
literature
- Mário Cardozo: Citânia de Briteiros e castro de Sabroso. Notícia descritiva para servir de guia ao visitante . Guimarães, 1980.
- Thomas G. Schattner (Ed.): Archaeological guide through Portugal (= cultural history of the ancient world . Vol. 74). Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1998, ISBN 3-8053-2313-1 p. 69