Charles-François Sturm
Jacques Charles François Sturm (also Jacob Karl F. Sturm , Karl Sturm ; born September 29, 1803 in Geneva , † December 18, 1855 in Paris ) was a Swiss-French mathematician and physicist .
Life
Sturm began his studies in 1821 at the University of Geneva , where he was also a student of Simon L'Huilier . In 1823 he finished his studies and became tutor for the son of Madame de Staël . When the de Staël family moved to Paris, Sturm went with them. In 1826 he worked with his friend Jean-Daniel Colladon on the first precise measurement of the speed of sound in water. In 1829 he developed a theorem that was later named after him, the Sturm chain . In 1830 he received a professorship at the Collège Rollin , and since 1833 he was a French citizen.
Sturm became a member of the Académie des Sciences in 1836 and a professor at the Sorbonne and at the École Polytechnique in 1840 , where he succeeded Siméon Denis Poisson on the chair of mechanics . Also in 1840 he became a member of the Royal Society , which in the same year awarded him the Copley Medal together with Justus Liebig . From 1835 he was a corresponding member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences . In December 1836 he was elected a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg .
His lectures, to which he devoted a lot of time, were published posthumously as Cours d'analysis de l'école polytechnique (1857–1863) and Cours de mécanique de l'école polytechnique (1861). The Sturm-Liouville problem is named after him and Joseph Liouville .
Sturm's theorem enables the number of roots of a polynomial equation with real coefficients between two real points to be given ( Sturm chain ). Sturm was very proud of the sentence and used to announce it in his lecture as the sentence whose name I have the honor to bear .
His name is immortalized on the Eiffel Tower, see: The 72 names on the Eiffel Tower .
Works
- Cours d'analysis , Paris, 1857–1859, 2 volumes, 12th edition 1901, German by Groß, Berlin 1897–1898, 2 volumes
- Cours de mécanique , Paris, 1861, 2 volumes, 5th edition 1883, new printing 1905, German by Groß, Berlin 1898–1900, 2 volumes
literature
- Sturm, Karl 4) . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 19, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, pp. 152–153 .
Web links
- John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson : Charles-François Sturm. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive .
- Erwin Neuenschwander: Sturm, Charles François. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Le théorème dont j'ai l'honneur de porter le nome . Van der Waerden, Meine Göttingen Apprenticeship Years, DMV Mitteilungen 1997, No. 2, p. 20
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sturm, Charles-François |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sturm, Jacques Charles François (full name); Sturm, Charles François; Sturm, Karl; Sturm, Jacob Karl F. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss-French mathematician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 29, 1803 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Geneva |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 18, 1855 |
| Place of death | Paris |