Charles II. De Lorraine, duc de Mayenne
Charles II. De Lorraine-Guise (born March 26, 1554 in Alençon , † October 4, 1611 in Soissons ) was Duke of Mayenne and Count of Maine from 1573 . Historians often call him Charles II because he was the second Charles from the House of Mayenne. The predecessor was Charles I, Vogt of Brittany and Baron de Mayenne, also called Charles de Blois (son of the Count of Blois).
family
Charles II was the son of François' de Lorraine and Anna d'Este and thus the brother of Henri I de Lorraine .
He married Henriette de Savoie-Villars († 1611) on August 6, 1576, daughter of Honorat II. De Savoie, marquis de Villars and Jeanne Françoise de Grailly-Foix, vicomtesse de Castillon. Their children together were:
- Henri (* 1578; † 1621), duc de Mayenne, duc d'Aguillon
- Charles Emmanuel (* 1581; † 1609), Count of Sommerive
- Catherine (* 1585; † 1618), ⚭ 1599 Carlo I. Gonzaga , Duke of Mantua
- Renée († 1638), ⚭ 1613 Mario II. Sforza (* 1594; † 1658), Duke of Ognano et Segni, Count of Santa Fiora
Life
He was First Chamberlain and Governor of Burgundy and accompanied the later King Henry III. to Poland . In the Sixth Huguenot War he conquered Brouage in 1577 and then took away the Protestant La Mure in the Dauphiné . He became Admiral of France , but lost the title in 1582 in favor of the Duke of Joyeuse , one of the two Archimignons of Henry III.
After the murder of his brother Henri in December 1588, he became the head of the Catholic League . The following year, 1589, he tried unsuccessfully to raise the Cardinal of Bourbon to king.
He was defeated by Henry IV at the Battle of Arques in 1589 and at the Battle of Ivry in 1590 . In 1591 he hung the leaders of the Ligue parisienne , who in turn had executed Barnabé Brisson, the first president of the Parliament of Paris. In 1593 he failed in his attempt to be elected king by the Estates-General that he had convened in Paris. On June 5, 1595 he was defeated by Henry IV at the Battle of Fontaine-Française . He solemnly submitted to it in November of the same year and received 3,580,000 livres as well as three safe places in Burgundy, the governorship of which he however lost.
literature
- Henri Drouot: Mayenne et la Bourgogne. Etude sur la Ligue (1587-1596). 2 volumes. Éditions Picard, Paris 1937.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mayenne, Charles II. De Lorraine, duc de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lorraine-Guise, Charles II. De |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Mayenne and Earl of Maine |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 26, 1554 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Alencon |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 4, 1611 |
| Place of death | Soissons |