Charles Mansfield Clarke

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Sir Charles Mansfield Clarke, 3rd Baronet GCB GCVO ( December 13, 1839 - April 22, 1932 ) was a British general and governor of Malta . His service was marked by the military conflicts in the British colonies and the reforms of the British armed forces in the second half of the 19th century.

Life

Charles Mansfield Clarke was born to Reverend Sir Charles Clarke, 2nd Baronet and Rosa Mary Alexander. His grandfather, Charles Mansfield Clarke, a noted physician and honorary doctor of law, had been raised to the nobility of the United Kingdom as a Baronet , of Dunham Lodge in the County of Norfolk, on September 30, 1831 . Clarke received his education at Eton College and entered the military in 1856 as Ensign with the 57th Regiment of Foot, which was then stationed in Madras . In 1859 he was promoted to lieutenant .

In the 1860s, Clarke took part in the New Zealand Wars as Deputy Assistant Master-General . After the 57th Regiment during the Zulukriegs had commanded in 1879, Clarke was in 1880 Commander (Commandant-General) of the British colonial troops at the Cape of Good Hope (Colonial Forces of the Cape of Good Hope). During his command, which lasted until 1882, he campaigned in Basutoland and Transkei . This was followed from 1883 to 1884 for Clarke as Assistant Adjutant Quartermaster General in Aldershot . From 1884 to 1886 he was Assistant Adjutant General Headquarters . This was followed by employment as a Deputy Adjutant-General in Ireland . In 1889, at the age of fifty, Clarke was promoted to brigadier and transferred back to Aldershot, where he first commanded the 3rd Infantry Brigade and from 1892 held the post of Deputy Adjutant-General, HQ . In the following year, 1893, Clarke became Commander-in-Chief of the Madras Army , one of the three presidential armies of British India . Under Clarke's leadership, the Madras Army, like the armies of the other two presidencies, was dissolved as an independent army in 1895 and merged into the Army of India . The Army of India was divided into four command areas, each led by a lieutenant-general . Clarke received the appropriate command in Madras and held it until 1898. From 1893 to 1895 he was also a member of the Council Governing for Madras. After his return to Europe, he was appointed to succeed George Stuart White as Quartermaster-General to the Forces in 1899 and as such was responsible for supplying and housing the entire British Army . During his tenure, which lasted until 1903, he was busy with measures to enlarge the army during the Second Boer War .

On April 25, 1899, Clarke inherited the title of baronet on the death of his father. From 1903 to 1907 he was governor and commander in chief (Governor and Commander-in-Chief) of Malta . then he retired as a general . During his service in Malta, Clarke had to deal with, among other things, the population growth on the islands. In 1901 there were 184,742 people in Malta, making the archipelago the most densely populated area in the world. Without additional measures, the supply of the population was at risk. In addition, the Maltese economy no longer depended on trade, but increasingly on subsidies from the British government. As a result, population growth and the policies of the British administration resulted in increased indigenous emigration.

Clarke was married twice. In 1867 he married Gemma Cecilia Adams. After her death in 1922, he married Constance Marion Warner in 1929. His first marriage had two daughters and a son. Since his son Charles Henry Geoffrey Mansfield Clarke died in 1919 and left no male descendants, Clarke's baronet title fell on his death in 1932 to his nephew Orme Bigland Clarke (1880-1949).

literature

  • Commander of the sixth division . In: The Marlborough Express . Volume XXXIV, Issue 284 . Blenheim December 4, 1899, p. 2 (English, online [accessed April 4, 2018]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Edinburgh Gazette : 3999, 253 , September 20, 1831.
  2. ^ London Gazette, February 26, 1856
  3. ↑ 57th Foot, Ensign Charles Mansfield Clarke, ... . (PDF 116 kB) In: The London Gazette . November 18, 1859, p. 4118 , accessed April 4, 2018 (English).
  4. ^ Anglo Colonial Notes . In: The Evening Post . Volume LVIII, Issue 90 . Blenheim October 13, 1899, p.  2 (English, online [accessed April 4, 2018]).
  5. ↑ Lawrence E. Attard : Early Migration Chapter 1 . In: Early Maltese Emigration (1900-1914) . Gulf Publication , 1983 ( online [accessed April 4, 2018]).
  6. ↑ Mr. Fenech's colony: Maltese immigrants in Cyprus 1878-1950 . The Free Library , July 1, 2007, accessed April 4, 2018 .
  7. ^ East Suffolk Gazette And Beccles And Bungay Weekly News 3 December 1867 Page 5, column 5 . In: GENUKI . charitable trust GENUKI , June 18, 2017, accessed April 4, 2018 .
predecessor Office successor
Charles Clarke Baronet, of Dunham Lodge
1899-1932 		Orme Clarke
Lieutenant-General Sir Francis Grenfell, 1st Baron Grenfell Governor of Malta
1903–1907 		Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Fane Grant
personal data
SURNAME Clarke, Charles Mansfield
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Clarke, Charles Mansfield, 3rd Baronet
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British officer and governor of Malta
DATE OF BIRTH December 13, 1839
DATE OF DEATH April 22, 1932