Chasia Bornstein-Bielicka
Chasia Bornstein-Bielicka (born January 16, 1921 in Grodno ; † July 15, 2012 ) was a partisan who participated in the Jewish resistance in the Grodno and Białystok ghettos during the German occupation of Poland during the Nazi era .
Life
Chasia Bielicka joined the Zionist youth organization HaSchomer HaTzair in 1933 . After the Jews in Grodno were ghettoized on November 1, 1943, she became a member of the underground organization that was emerging there. Since the leadership of the underground group feared the liquidation of the ghetto, they were assigned, together with Chaika Grossman , to drive to Białystok . They were supposed to save the so-called "Laboratory" from Grodno, a collection of materials used to forge documents that enabled Jews to leave the ghetto thanks to forged papers. On the night of January 15-16, 1943, Bielicka and her friend came to Białystok.
With the help of a forged birth certificate, Bielicka assumed a second identity as a Polish woman with the name Halina Stasiuk . She worked for the Jewish resistance in Białystok as a "liaison girl", d. This means that she was able to stay outside the ghetto using her second identity. She worked as a maid for an SS man named Luchterhand . After the Białystok ghetto was liquidated in August 1943 as a result of an uprising, Bielicka worked as an office clerk in the painting business of the Nazi opponent Otto Busse , whom she brought into contact with Polish and Russian partisans. From August 1944 she took part in partisan actions to liberate Białystok.
After the end of the war she tried to emigrate to Palestine , which she only succeeded in doing after a few detours. First she reached Łódź , where she ran a home for Jewish children who had survived the Holocaust in their hiding places. She then went to a displaced persons camp in Germany for a year , then to France. From there she traveled illegally to Cyprus , where she was interned by the British authorities. After almost two years, it reached Palestine in August 1947. She first came to kibbutz Gan Schmu'el and later participated in the establishment of kibbutz Lehawot HaBaschan . Also in 1947 she married Heini Bornstein , whom she saw again in Palestine. Chasia and Heini Bornstein had three children together in Israel: Yehudit, Racheli and Dorit.
She processed her experiences in the book One of Few. The Way of a Fighter and Educator (Hebrew Ahat mi-meatim ), published in 2003 by the Israeli Moreschet publishing house ( Tel Aviv ).
Fonts
- My path as a resistance fighter , Munich (dtv) 2008
- Chasia Bornstein-Bielicka: Jewish resistance in Grodno and Bialystok. Memories of a liaison girl on the Aryan side. in: W. Benz / B. Distel (Ed.): Dachauer Hefte 20 - The End of the Concentration Camps , pp. 71–87, Verlag Dachauer Hefte, Dachau, 2004 (translation of the autobiography)
literature
- Avraham Barkai : Otto Busse: A German "Righteous" in Bialystok , in: Marion Kaplan, Beate Meyer (Ed.): Jüdische Welten. Jews in Germany from the 18th Century to the Present . Festschrift for Monika Richarz , Wallstein, Göttingen 2005 ISBN 3-89244-888-4 pp. 248-268
- Chaika Grossman: The Underground Army. The Jewish resistance in Białystok. An autobiographical report . Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1993, ISBN 3-596-11598-1 .
- Thomas Fatzinek : The last way . A graphic novel based on the memories of Chaika Grossman and Chasia Bornstein-Bielicka. Bahoe books , Vienna 2019.
Web links
- Literature by and about Chasia Bornstein-Bielicka in the catalog of the German National Library
- Literature by and about Chasia Bornstein-Bielicka in the bibliographic database WorldCat
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chaika Grossman in the English Wikipedia: en: Haika Grossman
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bornstein-Bielicka, Chasia |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bielicka, Chasia |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish-Jewish resistance fighter against the National Socialists |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 16, 1921 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Grodno |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 15, 2012 |