Chloroacetonitrile

Structural formula
General
Surname	Chloroacetonitrile
other names	Monochloroacetonitrile Chloroacetic acid nitrile Chloromethyl cyanide Chlorocyanomethane Chloroethanenitrile
Molecular formula	C 2 H 2 ClN
Brief description	colorless liquid with a pungent odor
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 107-14-2 EC number 203-467-0 ECHA InfoCard 100.003.153 PubChem 7856 Wikidata Q2196683
properties
Molar mass	75.50 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	1.193 g cm −3
boiling point	123-124 ° C
Vapor pressure	11.5 mbar (20 ° C)
solubility	soluble in water (100 g l −1 )
Refractive index	1.422 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from  Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary danger H and P phrases H: 226-301 + 311 + 331-411 P: 210-273-280-302 + 352-304 + 340-308 + 310
Toxicological data	220 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral ) 84.4 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rabbit ,  transdermal )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Chloracetonitrile is a chemical compound from the group of nitriles . It is the nitrile of chloroacetic acid .

presentation

Chloracetonitrile can be obtained by reacting chloracetamide with phosphorus pentoxide .

properties

Chloracetonitrile is a colorless and volatile liquid at room temperature that has a pungent odor. This is completely soluble in water up to 100 grams per liter. The vapor from chloroacetonitrile is irritating.

use

Today chloroacetonitrile is used in a mixture with triethylamine as a hydrogen chloride acceptor. In the past, chloroacetonitrile was also used as a fumigant .

safety instructions

The vapors of chloroacetonitrile can form explosive mixtures with air when heated above the flash point (54 ° C) . Chloracetonitrile is very hazardous to the aquatic environment, it has been classified as water hazard class 3.

See also

• Trichloroacetonitrile (a related halogenated nitrile).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Entry on chloroacetonitrile in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on April 6, 2016(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ Data sheet Chloroacetonitrile, 99% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 8, 2014 ( PDF ).
3. ↑ Entry on chloroacetonitrile in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
4. ↑ Ahluwalia, VK Ahluwalia, Pooja Bhagat, Renu Aggarwal, Ramesh Chandra: Intermediates for Organic Synthesis . IK International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2005, p. 300 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
5. ↑ S. Gangolli, Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain): The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects: C . Royal Society of Chemistry, 1999, pp. 265 ( limited preview in Google Book search).