Cilento
The Cilento area is located in the Campania region ( Province of Salerno ), in southern Italy . In 1991, significant parts of the area were declared a national park ( National Park Cilento and Vallo di Diano ), and in 1998 a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
geography
The charming Cilento area stretches between Paestum in the north, Sapri in the south and the Diano Valley in the east: with around 100 km of coastline, mountains and 200 small, mostly medieval villages. The highest point is Monte Cervati (1,898 m) in the center of the Cilento. The north-east of the Cilento is formed by the Monti Alburni, steep karst cliffs that are 1,742 m high in Monte Panormo. The south-west is shaped by the landscape of the Monte Bulgheria massif (1,225 m).
The unofficial capital of the Cilento is Vallo della Lucania . Well-known seaside resorts are Agropoli , Palinuro , Marina di Camerota , Castellabate and Ascea .
history
The Cilento region was already settled in the Stone Age, as cave finds prove. Between the 8th and 5th centuries BC BC the coast of the Cilento region was settled by Greeks. In the mouth of the Seles, those "clumsy, conical columns, almost attacking, if not terrifying" - as Goethe wrote on his trip to Italy in 1787 - testify to an important ancient past: three of the best-preserved, approximately 2,500-year-old Greek temples in Paestum form the dignified entrance gate to the Cilento, a 1½ hour drive south of Naples. In Velia , which dates back to 540 BC Founded by Phocean Greeks, there was a well-known school of philosophy.
Like the entire coast of the Cilento, the Palinuro Cape is an important site in Greek legends: After Virgil , Aeneas sailed the oceans and saw Italy for the first time on this coast. His companion Palinuro fell asleep at the wheel, fell overboard and had to be buried by Aeneas on the beach. The Cape owes its name to this shipwrecked helmsman.
Many of the Greek settlements were founded in the 3rd century BC. Adopted by the Romans. After the fall of the Roman Empire , the region was ruled by Goths , Byzantines , Saracens and Lombards . In the 11th and 12th centuries, the Benedictines had a great influence in the region, where they administered extensive lands. As a result, the region, like large parts of southern Italy, was under Norman , then Staufer and finally Angiovinian rule.
In 1552 the region was attacked by the Ottomans. In this attack, the Camerota fort was almost completely destroyed. As a result, the Spanish viceroys of Naples expanded the coastal defense. Many of the coastal watchtowers still preserved today date from this period.
In the 19th century there were also revolts against the Bourbons in the Cilento . The widespread poverty led to many residents emigrating to South America or the USA.
In the 1990s, the proposal to establish a sixth independent province of Cilento in the Campania region was discussed intensively. The question of which city would become the capital of the new province was disputed. Candidates were Vallo della Lucania , Agropoli , Sala Consilina and Sapri . At the beginning of the 21st century, the possibility was discussed that the Cilento could change from Campania as the third province to the Basilicata region .
See also
literature
- Renate Wittenberg: Have a seat, Signora! My life in the Cilento . 2007, ISBN 3-8267-5446-8 .
- Maurizio Tortora: Cilientu mia . Edizione del Delfino, Naples 1977.
- Giuseppe Vallone: Dizionarietto etimologico del basso Cilento . Editore UPC, 2004.
- Pietro Rossi: Ieri e oggi 1955-2005. Poetry in cilentano . Grafiche Erredue, 2005.
- Andreas Haller: Cilento . Michael Müller Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-89953-500-6 .
- Barbara Schäfer: Limoncello with a sea view. Out and about on the Amalfi Coast and in the Cilento . Picus, 2007, ISBN 978-3-85452-924-8 .
- Peter Amann: Gulf of Naples, Campania, Cilento . Reise Know-how, 2010 (5th edition, Premio-ENIT 2010 "Best Guide to Italy"), ISBN 3-8317-2023-1 .
- Peter Amann: Cilento active with Costa di Maratea . Mankau, 2012 (5th edition), ISBN 978-3-86374-025-2 .
- Barbara Poggi: La Cucina Cilentana - Delicacies from the Cilento kitchen . Mankau, 2006, ISBN 3-938396-02-4 .
- Luciano Pignataro: Le ricette del Cilento . Ed. Ippogrifo, 2007, ISBN 978-88-88986-43-2 .
- Hans M. Tuschar: Cilento. Campaigns South - Salerno to Sapri. Bergverlag Rother, 2017 (2nd edition), ISBN 978-3-7633-4389-8
Web links
- Parco Nazionale - Website of the National Park (Italian)
Individual evidence
- ^ Michael Machatschek: Gulf of Naples , ISBN 978-3-89953-374-3
- ↑ oricchio.it
- ↑ Article in the Corriere della Sera
Coordinates: 40 ° 18 ′ N , 15 ° 18 ′ E