Cissonius
Cissonius , also Cisonius , Cisnius , Cesonios , was a Celtic god . The name was interpreted as "brave", "remote" but also "wagon driver". Presumably he was the god of commerce and protector when traveling. In the Interpretatio Romana he is therefore equated with Mercurius .
Cissonius was the most widespread epithet of Mercurius in Gaul next to Visucius , his inscriptions stretch from France to southern Germany and Switzerland to Italy . He was depicted as a bearded, helmeted man, riding a ram with a wine goblet, or as a young man with a winged helmet and a herald's staff, who receives a rooster and a goat as offerings.
In an inscription from Promontogno , Cissonus is equated with Matutinus or Matunus . The name of the community Niederzissen in the district of Ahrweiler probably goes back to his veneration.
Dedicatory inscriptions
- AE 1974, 317 Pesaro (Pisaurum), Province of Umbria : D (is) M (anibus) / P (ublius) Cissonius Datus / Cissoniae Primiti / vae lib (ertae) et coniugi / pientissimae et / Cissoniae Restitu / tae sorori et Dato / delicato posuit et / Cissonio Restituto / fratri pientissimo
- AE 1992, 1300 Promontogno , Province of Raetia : Mercurio / [Ci] ssonio / [M] a [t] utino / [V] alerius / [Ge] rmani /
- CIL IV, 4732 Pompeii , Province of Latium et Campania : Cissonius
- CIL XIII, 3659 Trier (Augusta Treverorum), Province of Gallia Belgica : Me] rc (urio) Cisson [io] / [3] IV [
- CIL XIII, 4500 Creutzwald-la-Croix (Mediomatrici), Province of Gallia Belgica: Deo C / isson / io P [3] / l (ibens) s (olvit)
- CIL XIII, 6085 Rheinzabern (Tabernae), Province Germania superior : Deo Mercurio / Cissonio C (aius) Atu [l (ius)] / Gorgias v (otum) s (olvit)
- CIL XIII, 4500 Creutzwald-la-Croix (Mediomatrici), Province of Gallia Belgica: Deo C / isson / io P [3] / l (ibens) s (olvit)
- CIL XIII, 5373 Besançon (Vesontio), Province Germania superior: Deo Mercurio Cisso / nio Dubitatia Castula / natione Syria templum / et porticus vetustate / conlabsum denuo de suo / restituit
- CIL XIII, 6119 Hohenburg , Province Germania superior: Deo Cis / onio (!) Ex / voto po / su (i) t Pat / ernus O
- CIL XIII, 6345 Stettfeld , Province Germania superior: [Mercu] r (io?) Cis / [sonio]
- CIL XIII, 7359 Heddernheim (Nida), Province Germania superior: Mercurio / Cissonio / aram / [L] utevius / [V] icto [ri] / [nus]
- CIL XIII, 8237 Cologne (Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium), Province Germania inferior : Mercurio / Cissonio / Lari [ni] us / Sen [i] lis / v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)
- CIL XIII, 11476 Avenches (Aventicum), Province Germania superior: Deo / Mercur (io) / Cisso (nio) L (ucius) C () / Patern (us?) / Ex voto
- CIL XIII, 11607 Strasbourg (Argentorate), Province Germania superior: D (eo) Cissonio / Gitto / nius / Pippau / sus v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) / l (aetus) m (erito)
literature
- Gerhard Bauchhenß : Mercurius . In: Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Volume VI, Zurich / Munich 1992, p. 549.
- Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 , p. 78 f.
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean-Jacques Hatt : Mythes et dieux de la Gaules, I: les grandes divinités masculines . Paris 1989, p. 217. Hatt derives the name from the Latin cisium, cissum , two-wheeled carriage; s. E. Howald, E. Meyer: The Roman Switzerland . 1940, p. 194.
- ↑ AE 1992, 1300 .
- ↑ Friedhelm Schnitker: Zissen und die Herrschaft Olbrück ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
