Claudia Felizitas from Austria-Tyrol

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Carlo Dolci - Archduchess Claudia Felizitas of Austria-Tyrol, oil on canvas, 1672, Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna
Giovanni Maria Morandi - Archduchess Claudia Felizitas as Diana , oil on canvas, 1666, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Claudia Felizitas of Austria (born May 30, 1653 in Innsbruck ; † April 8, 1676 in Vienna ; also Claudia Felix ) was Archduchess of Austria and, by marriage, Roman-German Empress .

Life

Claudia Felizitas was a daughter of Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria-Tyrol (1628–1662) from his marriage to Anna de 'Medici (1616–1676), daughter of Grand Duke Cosimo II of Tuscany . The princess was very talented musically, she sang and was active as a composer. As an expression of her piety, she joined the Third Order of the Dominicans . Claudia Felizitas was also considered an excellent and passionate hunter.

On October 15, 1673, she married the Roman-German Emperor Leopold I (1640–1705) in Graz . The bride was assigned Schloss Eggenberg as her residence . Prince Wenzel Eusebius von Lobkowicz , Leopold I's first minister, had spoken out against this marriage; He had also used Claudia Felizitas' lack of attractiveness as an argument, which made the Empress the determined opponent of the Prince. Claudia Felizitas managed that Lobkowicz lost the imperial favor and Leopold also increasingly distanced himself from his stepmother Eleonora Magdalena Gonzaga von Mantua-Nevers .

The marriage, which lasted only three and a half years, was very happy, and under Claudia Felizitas the farm was said to have been best. During her first pregnancy in 1674, a poem was published in Vienna, which was written in the shape of a cross according to the rules of the Rösselsprung puzzle and described the close relationship between the imperial couple. It is probably the oldest font of its kind and was very popular. Leopold rewarded the poet with a ducat for each syllable of the poem.

Abuses in government and court administration were more clearly revealed to the empress than to her husband. In 1674 she had an opera performance to draw Leopold's attention to the precarious government situation. Claudia Felizitas did not give up her musical preferences even as Empress. At court, Claudia Felizitas mostly met with rejection, fear of her influence on the emperor.

Empress Claudia Felizitas died of tuberculosis at the age of 22 and was buried in Vienna according to the court protocol of the " Separate Burial ": her heart lies in the imperial crypt , her entrails in the ducal crypt , her body was at her own request next to her mother in the Dominican church buried.

With the death of Claudia Felizitas, the Tyrolean sidelines of the House of Austria became extinct . The inheritance fell to her widower, Emperor Leopold I, who became Prince of Tyrol .

Claudia Felizitas is the main character of the historical novel by the writer Luise Mühlbach , published in 1867, Empress Claudia, Princess of Tyrol .

progeny

Claudia Felizitas had two daughters from their marriage:

  • Anna Maria Sophie (born September 10, 1674; † February 21, 1675)
  • Maria Josefa Clementine (October 11, 1675 - September 11, 1676)

literature

Web links

Commons : Claudia Felizitas von Tirol  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ G. New Yılık, questions of style. Some reflections (not only) on the lay people in the order of preachers , in: W. Hoyer (ed.), God praise, bless, proclaim, Freiburg 2014, 216-249, 219; K. Springer, Sermon in the World. On the history of the Dominican lay people , in: Kontakt 42 (2014), 17-20; http://dominikanische-laien.de/?page_id=88 .
  2. ^ Gunnar Strunz: Styria: The Green Heart of Austria. Trescher Verlag, 2009, p. 269.
  3. ↑ Neue Berliner Musikzeitung. Volume 6, 1852 digitized
  4. ^ Julius Franz B. Schneller: Austria's influence on Germany and Europe since the Reformation. 1828, p. 335.
  5. ↑ Heinrich Seel: History of the princes of Tyrol. Lentner, 1817, p. 357.
  6. ↑ Gerhard Robert Walther von Coeckelberghe-Dützele: Curiösitäten- and memorabilia-lexicon of Vienna. 1846, p. 334. Digitized
  7. ^ University of Vienna. Institute for Austrian Historical Research: Communications from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research. Volume 1, Böhlaus Nachf, 1979, p. 143
  8. ↑ http://www.uibk.ac.at/germanistik/histrom/cgi/wrapcgi.cgi?wrap_config=hr_bu_all.cfg&nr=44410
predecessor Office Successor
Margarita Theresa of Spain Roman-German Empress
October 15, 1673 to April 8, 1676 		Eleonore Magdalene of the Palatinate
personal data
SURNAME Claudia Felizitas from Austria-Tyrol
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Claudia Felizitas of Austria; Claudia Felizitas from Tyrol; Claudia Felizitas; Klaudia Felizitas; Claudia Felicitas; Claudia Felix
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Empress of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (1673–1675)
DATE OF BIRTH May 30, 1653
PLACE OF BIRTH innsbruck
DATE OF DEATH April 8, 1676
Place of death Vienna