Clos chicken
The Clos-Poulet is a region in north-east Brittany , which roughly corresponds to Saint-Malo and its immediate hinterland. It lies between the estuary of the Rance in the west, the English Channel to the north and east with the Bay of Mont Saint-Michel , and the Floodplain of Dol-de-Bretagne ( Marais de Dol ) and the Mare Saint-Coulban in the south. For a long time the only accesses were the Digue de Bretagne from Mont Saint-Michel via Dol, Saint-Méloir-des-Ondes , and from Châteauneuf-d'Ille-et-Vilaine in the south.
etymology
The name Clos-Poulet is with the forms Pavelet (1032), Pohelet (1040). Paelet (1152) and Poullet (1330) attested. With the term Poulet (chicken), the name has nothing to do, but probably with a disfigurement of Pou Alet , (Le pays d'Alet): Alet is a former Gallo-Roman settlement on the same fortress in what is now Saint-Servan (today part of Saint-Malo).
history
In Armorican Gaul, Alet was the chief town of the curiosolites on the heights of Saint-Servan. It was replaced by Corseul , which the Romans founded in the 1st century. The bishop Machutus (Saint Maclou) reached the Île de Cézembre and Aleth only in the 6th century. The Clos-Poulet then became one of the traditional subdistricts of the diocese of Saint-Malo , which was founded in the 9th century, was later a deanery of the archdeacon of Lohéac in the diocese of the same name, whose seat was moved to Saint-Malo in the 11th century.
Before the revolution, Clos-Poulet had eleven parishes, plus two enclaves in Dol: Saint-Coulomb and Saint-Ideuc (now part of Saint-Malo).
Black market
This region was the scene of an inventive and structured black market related to tobacco using the land routes, the tides of the canal and the Rance estuary with its tributaries and bays. Indeed, the municipality of Châteauneuf-d'Ille-et-Vilaine enjoyed the privilege of the state to grow tobacco. The harvest was under the supervision of customs officers, as was the Saint-Suliac saltworks at the time of the Gabelle (salt tax) .
The Chouans acted similarly during the revolution , they too profited from the estuary of the Rance to organize sea transport and postal services for the (exiled) nobles at night with ships coming from Jersey , Guernsey or England , people on land or on board to let go, to land equipment and weapons.
literature
- Loïc Langouet, Guy Souillet, Reginca et la baie de Saint-Malo dans l'Antiquité , in: Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest , Volume 81, No. 4, 1974, pp. 653-679 ( online )
- Auguste Longnon , Atlas historique de la France depuis César jusqu'à nos jours , 1885 ( online )
- Henri Magon de la Giclais, Vieux Manoirs et petites Seigneuries du Clos-Poulet , dans Annales de la Société historique et archéologique de l'arrondissement de Saint-Malo , 1925–1926, pp. 139–168 ( online)
- Esnoul Le Sénéchal, Armorial du Clos-Poulet , in: Annales de la Société historique et archéologique de l'arrondissement de Saint-Malo 1932, p. 81-124 online , 1933, p 58-98 online )
- Bertrand Devaux, Mémoire militaire sur la Place de Saint-Malo au début du Troisième Empire , in: Annales de la Société historique et archéologique de l'arrondissement de Saint-Malo , 1935, pp. 92–115 ( online