Concholepas concholepas
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Two animals of Concholepas concholepas |
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| Concholepas concholepas | ||||||||||||
| ( Bruguière , 1789) |
Concholepas concholepas is a species of snail from the family of spiny snails (Muricidae), which is found on the Pacific coast of South America . The snail feeds mainly on barnacles and mussels .
features
The thick, slightly egg-shaped snail shell of Concholepas concholepas , which in adult snails reaches a length of about 7 to 13 cm, has very few whorls that increase very quickly and thus give the shell the appearance of a Phrygian cap . The mouth of the case is very large and is not closed by the operculum. The outer surface of the house is covered with strong ribs that run both across and lengthways. It is white inside and dark brown to purple-gray on the outside. The snail has a short head on which the two semi-cylindrical antennae, which are conical at their tips, sit together at the base. The small black eyes sit on a widening half of the antennae. The male's penis sits next to the right antennae. The mouth sits at the base of the two antennae and is surrounded by a triangular depression in the foot. The thick, fleshy foot, rounded in front and flattened behind, is covered with folds and wrinkles. It is white to yellow-greenish with a brown border and purple spots. The gill cavity opening above the head is large and contains a large one in the middle and a small one on the edge. The snail cannot retreat into the snail shell, but it can hold onto the rock with the help of its strong foot, like a limpet or abalone . The horny operculum is elongated with a lateral core and much too small to close the mouth.
distribution
Concholepas concholepas occurs on the Pacific coast of South America from Lobos de Afuera in Peru to Cape Horn in Chile including the Juan Fernández Islands .
habitat
Concholepas concholepas lives on rocks in temperate waters in the intertidal zone and below to a depth of 40 m.
Life cycle
Like other spiny snails, Concholepas concholepas is separate sexes. The male mates with the female with his penis . On the coast of central Chile, the females attach their egg capsules to rocky ground in the lower part of the intertidal zone and below during the southern autumn. Veliger larvae, which have a shell diameter of around 260 µm, emerge from the capsules about a month after the egg is laid . This is followed by an approximately three-month pelagic phase, during which the larvae live on plankton until they metamorphose into small snails on the rocky ground up to a depth of 30 m . The sexual maturity is reached cm around the age of 4 years when the housing length from 5.4 to 6.7.
food
Like other whelks feeds Concholepas Concholepas of shellfish , including mussel species as Semimytilus algosus and Perumytilus purpuratus , as well as barnacles such. B. Chthamalus scabrosus .
Importance to humans
Local trivial names for the species are loco (Chilean Spanish, loan word from Mapudungun ), pata de burro ("donkey's foot") or chanque (Peruvian Spanish). In English it is also Chilean abalone called ( "Chilean Abalone") because they outwardly an abalone ( "abalone") is similar.
Concholepas concholepas is collected for its meat. Due to massive overfishing, the stocks have decreased drastically. In 1988 the species was therefore placed under protection in Chile . Since 1992 there have been exceptions tied to permits, but these only apply to snails with a barrel length of 10 cm or more. Sometimes the snail shells are also used, e.g. B. as an ashtray in Chile.
The hemocyanin from the blood of this type is examined for possible uses in bladder cancer and prostate cancer .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Louis Charles Kiener : Spécies général et iconographie des coquilles vivantes: comprenant la collection du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Paris, la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Masséna ... et les déecouvertes réecentes des voyageurs . Chez Rousseau: J.-B. Baillière, Paris 1835. pp. 88-91.
- ↑ G. Thomas Watters, Ohio State University: Digital Murex - Concholepas Lamarck, 1801 ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ N. Guzmán, et al : Diagenetic changes in Concholepas concholepas shells (Gastropoda, Muricidae) in the hyper-arid conditions of Northern Chile - implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions . In: Biogeosciences . 6, No. 2, 2009, pp. 197-207. doi : 10.5194 / bg-6-197-2009 .
- ↑ a b [1] ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Catastro genético de locos y erizos del litoral chileno. Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile
- ^ A b E. Poulin, et al : Avoiding offshore transport of competent larvae during upwelling events: The case of the gastropod Concholepas concholepas in Central Chile . In: American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. (Ed.): Limnology and Oceanography . 47, No. 4, 2002, ISSN 0024-3590 , pp. 1248-1255. doi : 10.4319 / lo.2002.47.4.1248 .
- ↑ LM Ramorino: Ciclo reproductivo de Concholepas concholepas en la zona de Valparaíso . In: Revista de Biología Marina . 15, No. 2, 1975, pp. 149-177.
- ^ R. Zagal, Hermosilla, C .: Guía de Invertebrados Marinos del Litoral Valdiviano ( Spanish ), 1st edition, Ediciones Quebecor World Chile SA, Santiago, Chile 2001, ISBN 978-956-288-974-2 , p. 219 .
- ↑ AH Dye: Feed preferences of Nucella crassilabrum and juvenile Concholepas concholepas (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from a rocky shore in Southern Chile . In: Oxford Press (Ed.): Journal of Molluscan Studies . 57, No. 3, 1991, ISSN 1464-3766 , pp. 301-307. doi : 10.1093 / mollus / 57.3.301 .
- ^ Etimología de LOCO . Etimologías de Chile
- ↑ Chile: Murder of Mollusks . In: Der Spiegel . No. 7 , 1993, pp. 184 ( online ).
- ↑ B. Moltedo, et al : Immunotherapeutic effect of concholepas hemocyanin in the murine bladder cancer model: Evidence for conserved antitumor properties among hemocyanins . In: The Journal of Urology . 176, 2006, pp. 2690-2695. doi : 10.1016 / j.juro.2006.07.136 . PMID 17085197 .
