Cottoidea

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The division of living beings into systematics is a continuous subject of research. Different systematic classifications exist side by side and one after the other. The taxon treated here has become obsolete due to new research or is not part of the group systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia.

Stone picker ( Agonus cataphractus )

The cottoidea are a no longer generally recognized superfamily of bullhead-like fish, which occur mainly in cold and temperate sea regions of the northern hemisphere. The members of the genus Cottus , the two species of the Baikal oilfish and other bullhead species endemic in Lake Baikal and its tributaries live in cold fresh waters; relatively few marine species are known from the southern hemisphere. In total, the superfamily has almost 400 species in almost 100 genera.

Systematics

The Cottoidea are the most species-rich group of bull relatives , traditionally a subordination of the armored cheeks (Scorpaeniformes) or in the new bony fish system of Wiley & Johnson a subordination of the bullhead-like (Cottiformes). Depending on the author, eight to ten families are placed in the Cottoidea and the Cottoidea are compared to the Cyclopteroidea ( sea ​​hares (Cyclopteridae) and disc bellies (Liparidae)) as a sister group . At Wiley & Johnson, however, these two families and Normanichthys are also included in the Cottoidea.

features

Nelson gives as characteristic features of the Cottoidea, among other things, the absence of the sphenoid bone (base phenoid) and the hypurapophysis and the lack of contact between the shoulder blade (scapula) and the coracoid (raven bone). Mamoru Yabe lists other features, including the tubular structure around the orbit formed from the tearbone and infraorbital . The jaw anatomy of the cottoidea corresponds to the basic structure of all percomorphic fish. In the tongue apparatus Rhamphocottus richardsonii and Jordania zonope lack the basihyale, an element between the hyoid bones, while it is present in all other cottoidea. While a generalized percomorphic fish has four pharyngealia with three tooth plates in the throat , four types occur in the cottoidea: type A with three pharyngealia and two tooth plates, type B with two pharyngealia and two tooth plates, type C with two pharyngealia and one tooth plate and type D with a pharyngealia and a tooth plate. The anatomy of the shoulder blade also shows two types: Type A with a closed shoulder blade and a tear in the anterior part of the bone and Type B with an opening of the shoulder blade towards the Cleithrum . In generalized percomorphic fish, the shoulder blade is without foramen and without crack.

Familys

literature

  • Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
  • EO Wiley & G. David Johnson: in A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. in Joseph S. Nelson, Hans-Peter Schultze & Mark VH Wilson: Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. 2010, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, ISBN 978-3-89937-107-9 .
  • Mamoru Yabe: Comparative osteology and myology of the superfamily Cottoidea (Pisces: Scorpaeniformes) and its phylogenetic classification. Memoirs of the Faculty of Fisheries - Hokkaido University ISSN  0018-3466