Cottoidei

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Cottoidei
Bullhead (Cottus gobio)

Bullhead ( Cottus gobio )

Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Perch-like (Perciformes)
Subordination : Cottoidei
Scientific name
Cottoidei

The Cottoidei are a subordination of the perch-like (Perciformes). It consists of six sub-orders and was only introduced to this extent in the revision of the bony fish systematics published by Betancur-R in early 2013 . and colleagues. Of the partial orders that were Gropp relatives (Cottales) in older classifications as subordination Cottoidei (including anoplopomatidae (Anoplopomatidae), green compacts (Hexagrammidae) and today Zaniolepididae ) the order of the dragon's head-like assigned or flatheads (Scorpaeniformes), the Aalmutterverwandten (Zoarcales) had under the name Zoarcoidei the rank of subordination in the order of the perch-like and the stickleback-like (Gasterosteales) were as Gasterosteiformes an independent order.

The close relationship of bullhead and eel mother relatives and the polyphyly of the Scorpaeniformes was established about ten years ago by comparative morphological studies, the relationship between sticklebacks and the other two groups was later determined by molecular genetic comparisons.

The habitats of the Cottoidei are mainly the cool seas of the northern hemisphere. Only most sticklebacks and almost all types of bullheads (Cottidae) occur in freshwater.

features

The Cottoidei mainly include elongated ground dwellers. The Japanese ichthyologists Imamura & Yabe give a total of 13 synapomorphies for a taxon from bullheads and relatives and eel mother relatives. This includes:

Nine-spined stickleback ( Pungitius pungitius )
  • Parasphenoid and pterosphenoid, two bones of the skull, have grown together.
  • Six Branchiostegal rays .
  • The third epibranchial (bone support of the upper branch of the third branchial arch ) is without a tooth plate.
  • The lateral extrascapular (a skull bone) consists of two individual bones.
  • Supraneuralia (parts of the vertebrae) are missing.
  • The fin ray carriers (pterygiophor) of the dorsal fin stand individually in the spaces between the neural processes of the vertebrae .
  • In the anal fin there are no spiny rays with robust fin carriers (pterygiophores).
  • A swim bladder is missing.
  • On the parietal bone, the sensory system is without spines.

The morphological features given above apply to a taxon made up of bullhead and eel mother relatives, but are also found in groups outside of the group and could be synapomorphies of a higher taxon. The assignment of sticklebacks to Cottoidei is based primarily on molecular genetic studies.

Internal system

The cladogram shows the relationships within the Cottoidei (excluding eel mother relatives and stickleback species):
  Cottoidei  

 Skilfish (Anoplopomatidae)


   

 Zaniolepididae ( Oxylebius + Zaniolepis )


   

 Green compacts (Hexagrammidae)


  Cottales  

 Trichodontidae


   
  Cyclopteroidea  

 Sea hares (Cyclopteridae)


   

 Disc bellies (Liparidae)



 Cottoidea 

 Jordaniidae


   

 Rhamphocottidae


   

 Scorpaenichthyidae


   

 Panzerroppen  (Agonidae)


   

 Bullheads (Cottidae)


   

 Dickkopf bullheads (Psychrolutidae)










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swell

  1. ↑ a b c Ricardo Betancur-R., Richard E. Broughton, Edward O. Wiley, Kent Carpenter, J. Andrés López, Chenhong Li, Nancy I. Holcroft, Dahiana Arcila, Millicent Sanciangco, James C Cureton II, Feifei Zhang, Thaddaeus Buser, Matthew A. Campbell, Jesus A Ballesteros, Adela Roa-Varon, Stuart Willis, W. Calvin Borden, Thaine Rowley, Paulette C. Reneau, Daniel J. Hough, Guoqing Lu, Terry Grande, Gloria Arratia, Guillermo Ortí: The Tree of Life and a New Classification of Bony Fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life. 2013 Apr 18. Edition 1. doi: 10.1371 / currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288 , PDF ( Memento of the original from October 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / currents.plos.org
  2. ^ Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
  3. ↑ a b c H. Imamura & M. Yabe: Demise of the Scorpaeniformes (Actinopterygii: Percomorpha): An Alternative Phylogenetic Hypothesis . Bulletin of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, VOL.53, NO.3, PAGE.107-128 (2002) Abstract ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / sciencelinks.jp
  4. ↑ a b c Wm.Leo Smith, Ward C. Wheeler: Polyphyly of the mail-cheeked fishes (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes): evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 32, 2004, p. 627, doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2004.02.006 .
  5. ↑ a b Chen W.-J., Bonillo, C. & Lecointre, G. (2003): Repeatability of clades as a criterion of reliability: a case study for molecular phylogeny of Acanthomorpha (Teleostei) with larger number of taxa. - Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 26 (2): 262-288.
  6. ↑ a b Agnès Dettai & Guillaume Lecointre: Further support for the clades obtained by multiple molecular phylogenies in the acanthomorph bush. Comptes Rendus Biologies, Volume 328, Issue 7, July 2005, Pages 674-689 doi : 10.1016 / j.crvi.2005.04.002
  7. ↑ a b Masaki Miya et al. (2003): Major patterns of higher teleostean phylogenies: a new perspective based on 100 complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 26, Issue 1, January 2003, Pages 121-138 doi : 10.1016 / S1055-7903 (02) 00332-9
  8. ^ A b Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110 , PDF
  9. ^ A b c W. Leo Smith & Morgan S. Busby: Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Sculpins, Sandfishes, and Snailfishes (Perciformes: Cottoidei) with Comments on the Phylogenetic Significance of their Early-Life-History Specializations. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, July 8, 2014, DOI: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2014.06.028

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