Cyriaci Chapel (Nordhausen)
The Cyriaci Chapel is a profaned former hospital chapel in the city of Nordhausen in the Nordhausen district in Thuringia .
history
Given the frequently occurring in the 13th century in Europe infectious diseases, particularly leprosy , the city Nordhausen built in addition to the existing Hospital St. Georg , a leprosarium . In 1280 Hertwig von Ellrich donated the hospital, which was built around 300 m outside the city wall on the other bank of the Zorge and was called Siechhof , also known as Siechenhof . The associated chapel was built from 1281 to 1284 after Archbishop Werner von Mainz had approved the construction on January 23, 1281, and was consecrated to St. Cyriacus and John the Baptist on November 20, 1284 . In some documents St. George is mentioned as patron. On March 7, 1287 and again in 1289, the community was granted indulgence. On November 18, 1289, Archbishop Gerhard von Mainz gave Hertwig von Ellrich hereditary patronage over the chapel. The Siechhof was probably also used during the plague epidemics of the 14th and 15th centuries.
In the late Middle Ages, the St. Martini and St. Elisabeth hospitals were built so that the Siechhof was no longer necessary as a hospital, but could be used as a retirement home from 1788 after the renovation of the north wing .
During the Napoleonic Wars , the Siechhof served as a hospital from 1806 to 1815 and its cemetery as a first aid station . Hospital operations were not resumed until 1820.
The south wing was rebuilt in 1822-1824 and inaugurated on August 3, 1825 as the city hospital. In 1823 the chapel was demolished because it was dilapidated, but was rebuilt as a neo-Gothic hall building with a half-octagon as early as 1845–1846 and consecrated on September 20, 1846. For this purpose, pieces of equipment and building materials from the St. Martini Church, which was demolished in 1833, were used. In 1867 the chapel was temporarily used as a hospital ward. The small parish of St. Cyriaci was abolished in 1912.
During the National Socialist era , the SA and the police used the Siechhof to arrest Jews from Nordhausen and the surrounding villages before they were transported to Poland or the Buchenwald concentration camp .
After the Siechhof was used as an old people's home until 1991, the south and west wings were extensively renovated with the aim of making the premises of the music school of the Nordhausen district available. This moved into its new domicile in 1995.
In 1997 the Cyriaci Chapel was completely renovated as a concert hall and opened on September 5, 1997. Because of its good acoustics, numerous concerts - mainly chamber music and jazz - take place in the chapel room.
Hospital building
The facility is centered around an inner courtyard (a so-called four - sided courtyard ). The west wing served as an administration building and was built around 1735. The north wing served as the rectory, which, according to an inscription, was completed on November 14, 1788. From 1825 it was also used as a workhouse. The hospital was located in the south wing, built between 1822 and 1825, which merges into the chapel in the east. The east wing, which was used for commercial purposes, also borders the chapel. In 1887 two bells were kept in it, which may have been in the roof turret of the chapel, which was demolished in 1823.
Atonement crosses
During the construction of the chapel, stone crosses were built into the outer walls. Their exact number is not known, city chronicler Bohne wrote in 1701 of eight crosses made of "red sandy stones", Friedrich Christian Lesser reported in 1740 of seven crosses. One of these crosses once showed the relief of a priest in a chasuble with a chalice in his right hand. According to legend, the crosses represent eight people who drowned in the floods of Zorge during an outdoor mass.
Works of art
- The bells that were in the east wing in 1887 can no longer be found today.
- The epitaphs of the Church of St. Martini were saved before it was demolished and brought to the Cyriaci Chapel. These are the epitaphs of:
- 1. The brothers Simon († 141 […]) and Johannes Segemund († 1442),
- 2. Heinrich von Werther (1325–1 September 1397),
- 3. Hermann von Werther the Elder (1350–21 June 1395),
- 4. Katharina von Werther († April 23, 1397),
- 5. Heinrich Urbach the Elder († 1397),
- 6. Heinrich Urbach († October 4, 1394),
- 7. Hermann von Werther the Younger (cousin of 3rd, * 1390),
- 8. Jakob von Immenhausen († April 23, 1395) and
- 9. Heinrich Salemer (1320 mayor of Nordhausen, † November 19, 1396).
- Also from the church of St. Martini came a 2.30 meter wide embroidered Gothic table rug from the first half of the 16th century. It was used as a carpet before it was transferred to the city museum. It consists of four square pieces of red and dark blue cloth, surrounded by a black border. Silk ornaments, tendril loops, coats of arms and dragons are embroidered in stem stitch.
organ
A single manual mechanical knob - organ , which is estimated to be built in 1870, was dismantled after the fall and stored. She had the following disposition:
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- Pairing : I / P
The music school that uses the band currently has a single-manual organ with a pedal.
Parish office
It had its own pastor's office from 1830 to 1909.
| Surname | time |
|---|---|
| Christian Friedrich Blau | 1830-1833 |
| Johann Friedrich August Knorr | 1833-1841 |
| Carl Eduard Burchardi | 1842-1848 |
| Friedrich Wilhelm Sonderhoff | 1849-1852 |
| Andreas Gottfried Zimmermann | 1852-1868 |
| Johann Robert Hillig | 1869-1870 |
| Carl Emil Rübesame | 1872-1876 |
| Moritz Ludolf Kühnemund | 1877-1892 |
| Paul Richard Raack | 1893-1896 |
| Friedrich Albert violence | 1896-1900 |
| Johann Karl Richard Sachtleben | 1902-1907 |
| Lazy Emil Richard Uding | 1907-1909 |
In 1909 the parish office was dissolved and became the second parish office of the Church of St. Nikolai .
literature
- Eugen Duval: Nordhausen's medieval grave monuments . Nordhausen: Nordhäuser Section des Harzverein, Theodor Perschmann, 1880, pp. 7–41, digitized version on geschichtsportal-nordhausen.de
- Ernst Günther Förstemann: Chronicle of the city of Nordhausen - Friedr. Chrn. Lesser's historical news of the formerly imperial and the Heil. Rom. Free city of Nordhausen , Nordhausen: Magistrat zu Nordhausen, 1860, p. 130
- Hans-Jürgen Grönke : Newly discovered soil monuments in the Nordhausen district , In: Contributions to local history Heft 15/1990 , Nordhausen, 1990, p. 13f.
- Walter Joedecke: Nordhausen together with Halberstadt. City of Church Reconstruction - Historical and local history considerations by gardener Walter Joedecke from St. Blasii Petri zu Nordhausen , Nordhausen: unpublished, 1956–66, pp. 315–318
- Ernst Koch : History of the Reformation in the imperial city of Nordhausen am Harz , In: Series of publications by the Friedrich Christian Lesser Foundation Volume 21 , Nordhausen: Atelier Veit Verlag, 2010, p. 29, S: 118
- Karl Meyer: Festschrift for the 36th General Meeting of the Harz Association for History and Archeology in Nordhausen , Nordhausen, 1903, p. 39, p. 73
- Johannes Schäfer: Nordhäuser Orgelchronik - History of the organ works in the thousand-year-old town of Nordhausen am Harz in Max Schneider (Hrsg.): Contributions to music research , Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses GmbH Halle / Saale Berlin, 1939
- Julius Schmidt: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the city of Nordhausen , Nordhausen, 1887, pp. 186–225.
- Hans Silberborth : History of the free imperial city of Nordhausen , Horb am Neckar: Geiger-Verlag, 1997, p. 273
- Robert Treutler: Churches in Nordhausen - a foray through church life , Nordhausen: Verlag Neukirchner, 1997, p. 8, p. 43
- Markus Veit: Contributions to the history of the city and district of Nordhausen Volume 26 , Nordhausen: Published by the Nordhausen History and Antiquity Association, the City Archives and Meyenburg Museum, 2001, pp. 117–130
Web links
- Stone crosses in Nordhausen
- Nordhausen parish offices on the Lesser Foundation website, p. 4
Individual evidence
- ↑ Manfred Schröter: The persecution of the Jews from Nordhausen 1933 to 1945. Bad Lauterberg 1992, ISBN 3-922141-11-0 .
- ^ District music school Nordhausen
- ↑ The Cyriaci Chapel on the website of the city of Nordhausen.Retrieved on April 1, 2014
- ^ Fritz Reinboth: Die Nordhäuser organ builders in the 19th century , In: Nordhäuser news. Südharzer Heimatblätter published by the Nordhausen City Archives , 3/2005
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 52.6 ″ N , 10 ° 47 ′ 15.8 ″ E