Dalara
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| Ritsema , 1884 |
Dalara is a genus of digger wasps (Spheciformes) from the Crabronidae family. So far, the genus only includes two species, one of which occurs in the Philippines and the other in Java and Sumatra . So far, very little is known about the biology of the two species.
description
Size and coloring
The two so far described species of the genus are medium-sized and have body lengths of 9 to 12 mm. The body is essentially matt black with no protruding hairs. The mandibles can be yellowish and the legs partly reddish. The wings are translucent except for a cloudy, opaque edge cell.
morphology
The upper inner corner of the eyes is not bordered by a deep sulcus , the lens of the middle ocelle is slightly convex, the notches of the posterior ocelle are small. The front line is indented and interrupted by a transverse bead. Frons and vertex are matt and without point-like sculpting. The basal part of the antennae ( scapus ) is long and slender and its surface, like the surface of the pedicellus , does not contrast with that of the other antennae ( flagellum ). The antennae ( flagellomeric ) are about twice as long as they are wide and slightly scaled. The frontal plate ( clypeus ) shows a distinct truncate middle lobe . The labrum is almost square and not visible. The inner edges of the mandibles have a large tooth above the base, the outer ventral side is entire. In females of the species D. mandibularis , the mandible ends are bilobed, the female of D. schlegelii has not yet been described. The mandibles of the males of both species of the genus are greatly elongated and show a small tooth on the inner edge near the tip.
The propodeum is of medium length and almost rectangular; viewed from above, the sides curve inwards at the back. It is dull, not dotted and dorsally finely haired. The gaster is dull or faintly shiny and not dotted.
Femora and tibiae are long and slender. The posterior femora of the males show a distinct bulge or a hook-like appendage with an adjacent pit. The middle and posterior tibia of both sexes have rows of rather strong thorns; There are three rows on the tibia of the second pair of legs and two rows on those of the third pair of legs. The hind tibia of the females have a sharp-edged longitudinal keel, those of the males are only slightly angled in cross section. The females show a rather weak claw on the front tarsi , the last tarsal link of the middle and hind legs is angled in the middle in side view and has a thick mat of hair on the underside. The claws are long, suitable for grasping and do not show a tooth inside. The tarsi of the males are similar to those of the females, but the last link of the tarsi has no hair mat and the claws are shorter.
distribution
The genus is restricted to the tropics of Southeast Asia, one species occurs in the Philippines , the other in Java and Sumatra .
Systematics
Pulawski recognizes two types:
- Dalara mandibularis ( F. Williams , 1919) - Philippines
- Dalara schlegelii ( Ritsema , 1884) - Java, Sumatra
In 2011, Lynn Kimsey in the southeast of the Indonesian island of Sulawesi discovered a very large digger wasp species in the wild and in the same year by Michael Ohl in the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin , which was initially assigned to the genus Dalara . Contrary to this first assignment the new way was not in March 2012 as a species of the genus Dalara but as Mega Lara garuda in the newly established monotypic genus Mega Lara firstdescribed .
Way of life
Information on the way of life is so far only available for D. mandibularis from an observation at the beginning of the 20th century. Three females had nests in a lying, rotting tree trunk. The corridors in the wood ran irregularly and brood cells emerged from them at uneven intervals. Some of the cells stored in food animals did not contain any egg or larva of the wasp. Whether the females shared nests or interacted socially was not clear from the observations. The larval food consisted of short-winged forest crickets of the genus Calyptotrypus , these were flown to the nest by the females.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g RM Bohart, AS Menke 1976: Sphecid wasps of the world. A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles: pp. 248-250
- ^ WJ Pulawski: Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato - Genus Dalara. ( Online as PDF ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Accessed October 29, 2011)
- ^ UC Davis Entomologist Discovers New Species of Wasp: Gigantic Wasp with Long, Powerful Jaws. ( Memento of the original from September 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. UC Davis Department of Entomology, Aug. 19, 2011.
- ↑ Berlin researcher discovers monster wasp ( memento of the original from October 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Press release of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin from September 6, 2011, accessed on October 30, 2011
- ↑ Lynn S. Kimsey & Michael Ohl 2012: Megalara garuda, a new genus and species of larrine wasps from Indonesia (Larrinae, Crabronidae, Hymenoptera). ZooKeys 177: pp. 49-57. On-line
literature
- RM Bohart, AS Menke 1976: Sphecid wasps of the world. A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles: pp. 248-250