Dawid Maximowitsch Alopaeus

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David M. Alopaeus

Councilor Count Franz Dawid Maximowitsch Alopaeus [Alopeus] ( Russian Давид Максимович Алопеус , even David Alopaeus written; * December 19 jul. / The thirtieth December  1769 greg. In Vyborg , Grand Duchy of Finland ; † 13. June 1831 in Berlin ) was a Russian Diplomat.

Life

Coat of arms of Count Dawid Maximowitsch Alopaeus

Dawid was educated at the military school in Stuttgart and introduced into the diplomatic career by his older brother Maximilian von Alopaeus . In 1792 he became secretary of the Russian ambassador at the Electorate of Mainz, Count Rumjanzew in Frankfurt am Main . In 1802 he married the Baroness Jeanette von Wenckstern (1783–1869), later Countess Jeanette Caroline von Alopäus.

In 1800 he came as a secretary to the Russian embassy at the Swedish court in Stockholm, where the young King Gustav IV. Took over the affairs of government from his uncle and guardian Duke Karl von Södermanland on November 1, 1796 and resigned on December 16, 1800 had joined the neutrality of the Nordic powers established by Russia . On June 29, 1803 appointed Russian envoy to Sweden , Alopaeus represented the interests of the tsar until January 27, 1808. In Russia in 1802 Alexander I ascended the throne, with whom Gustav IV had entered into a trade alliance with Great Britain. British-Russian relations cooled noticeably. But the stubborn Gustav entered into a closer alliance with Great Britain on February 8, 1808, unconcerned about the expected declarations of war by Denmark and Russia; the tsarist empire had tried in vain to separate him from its alliance with Great Britain and to persuade British ships to close the Baltic Sea until there was general peace at sea.

As a native of Finland, Alopeus was supposed to persuade the Swedish king to renounce the Grand Duchy of Finland in favor of Russia, but was unsuccessful. When the Russians entered Finland with 60,000 men, Alopaeus was arrested by the Swedes. His papers were confiscated, which revealed attempts to bribe the Swedish military on the part of Russia.

After the conquest of Finland, Alopeus was appointed a member of the Privy Council, then raised to the rank of count by his monarch. When his former boss Rumyantsev, as Chancellor of the Reich, concluded the peace of Fredrikshamn with Sweden ( Charles XIII ) in the Finnish port city in 1809 , he was significantly involved.

Finally, in March 1811, he came to the Württemberg court in Stuttgart as an envoy . Here he played u. a. played a key role in mediating the inventor and designer Franz Leppich , who was supposed to build a combat airship for the tsar. In 1813 he was first general commissioner of the allied armies. In April 1813 he was appointed envoy to the Prussian court in Berlin, with additional accreditation in Mecklenburg-Schwerin (from 1829). He held this post until the end of his life in 1831.

literature

  • Vadim Infantjew: In those years (magazine "Уральский Следопыт" [spr. Uraljskij Sledopyt] "Ural scout" 12.1968), (translation by Ing. Gustav Kraut, Warmbronn - German Museum Munich).
  • Paul Wider: People and balloons. Documentation on the history of balloon aviation in southern Germany and German-speaking Switzerland. Bechtle Verlag, Esslingen et al. 1993, ISBN 3-7628-0516-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Entry in the baptismal register of the Swedish parish in Wiburg (Swedish: Viborgs svenska församling)
  2. a b c Alopäus, Franz David in the Erik Amburger database of the Institute for East and Southeast European Studies , Regensburg
predecessor Office successor
Andreas von Budberg Russian envoy to Sweden
1803–1808
Jan Pieter van Suchtelen
Russian envoy in Württemberg
1811–1813
Yuri Aleksandrovich von Golovkin
Christoph von Lieven Russian envoy to Prussia
1813–1831
Alexandre de Ribeaupierre