Maximilian of Alopaeus
Count Magnus Maximilian von Alopaeus ( Russian Максим Максимович Алопеус Maxim Maximowitsch Alopaeus ; born January 21, 1748 in Vyborg , Grand Duchy of Finland ; † May 16, 1821 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a Russian diplomat .
Live and act
Maximilian von Alopaeus was born in 1748 as the son of the Viborg archdeacon and was originally intended for a spiritual profession. He studied theology until March 1764 at the Åbo Academy and until August 1766 at the University of Göttingen .
By persuading the then Russian envoy to Sweden , Count Nikita Ivanovich Panin (1718–1783), he went to the foreign service of the tsarist empire in 1768. Promoted by Iwan Andrejewitsch Osterman (1725–1811), he quickly rose to higher offices in Saint Petersburg and was soon appointed director of the Reich Chancellery.
In 1783 Alopeus was envoy to the prince-bishopric of Lübeck in Eutin , in June 1789 he was appointed minister and extraordinary envoy to the Prussian court in Berlin by Empress Catherine II , a post he held until April 1796 and from December 1802 to November 1806. He won the favor of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II and accompanied the king on a trip to Champagne. When Prussia separated from the coalition through the Treaty of Basel in 1795, Alopeus left Berlin in 1796. In the same year he was appointed State Councilor, and then held the post of Russian envoy to the permanent Reichstag in Regensburg until he returned to Berlin as ambassador in 1802. The renewed rapprochement between Russia and Prussia can be traced back to a not inconsiderable part to his person.
In December 1806 he became the Russian envoy to the court of St. James in London . He negotiated in vain with the English Ministry until the Peace of Tilsit ended his mission in the United Kingdom in 1809. Alopeus took part in the Aachen Congress in 1818 , soon afterwards retired and lived in southern Germany for a few years. He died in Frankfurt am Main in 1821 at the age of 73 .
Alopeus was married twice. From his first marriage to Sophie Luise von Quast (–1797) came his daughter Natalie (approx. 1796–1823), who later married the Russian general Konstantin von Benckendorff . In 1799 the widowed Alopeus married Luise Charlotte Auguste von Veltheim (1768-1851). His younger brother David Alopaeus followed his diplomatic career.
Honors and memberships
- 1768: Royal German Society of Göttingen
- 1769: Master of the Order of Concord (CeT)
- 1798: Order of Saint Anne
Individual evidence
- ^ General German real encyclopedia for the educated classes . 5th edition. tape 11 . FA Brockhaus , Mannheim 1822, p. 73 ( online ).
- ↑ Alopäus, Magnus Maximilian in the Erik Amburger database of the Institute for East and Southeast European Studies , Regensburg
Web links
- Maximilian of Alopaeus . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 1, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 393.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Sergei Petrovich Rumyantsev |
Russian envoy in Berlin 1789–1796 |
Stephan Kolytschew |
| Achatz Ferdinand von der Asseburg |
Russian envoy in Regensburg 1796–1802 |
- |
| Burckhard Alexius Constantin von Krüdener |
Russian envoy in Berlin 1802–1806 |
Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg |
| Pavel Alexandrovich Stroganov |
Russian envoy to London 1806-1808 |
- |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Alopaeus, Maximilian von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Alopaeus, Magnus Maximilian von (full name); Alopaeus, Maxim Maximowitsch; Алопеус, Максим Максимович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian diplomat |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 21, 1748 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Viborg |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 16, 1821 |
| Place of death | Frankfurt am Main |