De Witt (patrician family)

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Johan and Cornelis de Witt , statue in Dordrecht
Cornelis de Witt , painting by Jan de Baen , Rijksmuseum ( Amsterdam )
Huis te Jaarsveld

De Witt (also De Wit or De Witte ) is the name of an old Dordrecht patrician family . The De Witts were one of the most influential dynasties of Dordrecht in the Golden Age of the Netherlands , with great influence on the government of Holland and the Republic of the United Netherlands .

history

The family was first mentioned in a document with Jan d (i) e Witte (around 1295), and from the second half of the 14th century sat in the government of the city of Dordrecht. The De Witt family, like the Van Beveren , Muys van Holy and the Van Slingelandt, were among the most influential families in Dordrecht's history. Various branches of the family were probably in Amsterdam . The Dordrecht branch achieved international importance in the 17th century - the Golden Century - with its most famous family member, Johan de Witt .

In the golden age

In the course of the Dutch Golden Age , the [Dordrecht] members of the De Witt family were harshly criticized for the growing influence of the House of Orange-Nassau . Together with the other republican statesmen, the politically active members of the De Witt family were in favor of abolishing the governorship, at least in the province of Holland . Furthermore, they claimed the receipt of a [their] full sovereignty for the local rulers / patricians in the respective provinces and regions of the Netherlands. As a result, military power fell into the hands of the mostly republican city rulers of Holland and the Dutch States General . This period at the height of the Golden Age was considered by the Republicans to be the "Ware Vrijheid" (True Freedom). It was the so-called First Governorless Period , which extended between the years 1650 and 1672. Without the continued interference of the Orange governor, the republican system of regents functioned effectively politically and economically.

With the Rampjaar in 1672, the political role of the De Witt family ended. As a result, various family members were able to succeed within Dordrechts and in the neighboring Austrian Netherlands . During the 18th century, various family members were in the possession of the High Glory Jaarsveld .

Master list (extract)

  1. Jan d (i) e Witte (around 1295)
    1. Gerard d (i) e Witte (* before 1314)
      1. Godschalk d (i) e Witte (* before 1326)
        1. Jan d (i) e Witte (* before 1367), mayor of Dordrecht in 1375
          1. Witte d (i) e Witte
            1. Jan d (i) e Witte (* before 1450)
              1. Witte d (i) e Witte, from 1493 councilor of the city of Dordrecht, dichgrave of Mijnsheerenland; his two sons established the main branches of the family
                1. Jan de Wit (t) († 1565), water schepen from Dordrecht, married to Klara van Beveren
                2. Cornelis Wittesz de Witt (1485–1537), Schepen and councilor of the city of Dordrecht

The two main branches of the sex:

  1. Jan de Wit (t) († 1565)
    1. Willem de Witt (1516–1596), Mayor of Dordrecht, Councilor of Wilhelm I of Orange-Nassau
      1. Thomas de Witt (1548–1601), Mayor of Dordrecht, Deputy of the States of Holland and Friesland
      2. Cornelis de Witt (1550–1597), married to Jacomina van Beveren
        1. Johan de Witt († 1666), mayor and secretary of Woudrichem and penningmeester of the country of Altena
        2. Kornelis de Witt (1587-1624)
          1. Male de Witt
          2. Gijsbert de Witt (1611–1692), Dutch military in Brazil.
      3. Nicolaas de Witt (1553–1621), councilor and Schepen of Dordrecht
        1. Thomas de Witt († 1645), Mayor of Dordrecht, Bewindhebber of the Amsterdam Chamber of the Dutch East India Company
          1. Descendant of François de Witt (1706–1777), Mayor of Amsterdam
        2. Joost de Witt († 1625), poet
        3. Willem de Witt
      4. Johan de Witt (1567–1625), Schepen of the city of Dordrecht, treasurer from 1611 to 1619
        1. Johan de Witt (1590–1655), Schepen von Dordrecht
          1. Johan de Witt (1618–1676), diplomat, envoy, deputy of the states of Holland and Friesland
          2. Willem de Witt (1633– after 1676), Schepen von Dordrecht, Deputy of the States of Holland and Friesland, Hoogheemraad von Mijnsheerenland and Nieu-Bon-Avontura
        2. Jan de Witt († 1635)
        3. Nikolaas de Witt (* 1597)
    2. Witte de Witt (* 1523), recipient of the interest from the Count's city of Gorkum
  2. Cornelis Wittesz de Witt (1485–1537)
    1. Frans de Witt (1516–1565), traveled to France, Spain and Portugal, married to Liduwi van Beveren (daughter of Pieter van Beveren and Aleyd Muys van Holy )
      1. Cornelis Fransz. de Witt (1545–1622), mayor and regent of Dordrecht
        1. Andries de Witt (1573–1637), board member of Holland
        2. Frans de Witt (1586-1615)
        3. Jacob de Witt (1589–1674), statesman, Dordrecht regent and mayor, deputy of the Dutch States General
          1. Johanna de Witt, married to Jacob van Beveren, Army von Zwijndrecht
          2. Maria de Witt, married to Diederik Hoeufft, Heer von Fontaine-Peureuse
          3. Cornelis de Witt (1623–1672), statesman, Dordrecht regent and mayor
            1. Jacob de Witt (1653–1675), traveled to Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Italy where he received his doctorate in 1575 at the University of Padua
            2. Wilhelmina de Witt (1671–1701), married to Johan II. De Witt
          4. Johan de Witt (1625–1672), army from Zuid- and Noord-Linschoten, Snelrewaard, Hekendorp and IJsselveere, board member of Holland, first statesman of the republic
            1. Anna de Witt (1655–1725), married to Herman van de Honert
            2. Agnes de Witt (1658–1688), married to Simon Teresteyn van Halewijn
            3. Maria de Witt (1660–1689), married to Willem Hooft
            4. Johan II. De Witt (1662–1701), army from Zuid- and Noord-Linschoten, Snelrewaard, Hekendorp and Ijsselveere, secretary from Dordrecht, scholar and collector of books and manuscripts
              1. Johan III de Witt (1694–1751), Army of Zuid- and Noord-Linschoten, Snelrewaard, Hekendorp and Ijsselveere, President of the Chamber of Accounts of the Austrian Netherlands
              2. Cornelis Johansz de Witt (1696–1769), Vrijheer of the High Glory Jaarsveld , Mayor of Dordrecht, Deputy of the States of Holland and Friesland
                1. Johan de Witt (1720–1783), Vrijheer von Jaarsveld, Schepen von Dordrecht, director of Levantine trade
                  1. Cornelis de Witt (1745–1813), Vrijheer von Jaarsveld
                2. Herman Cornelis de Witt (1728–1778), Vogt and Deichgraf von Merwede
                  1. Maria de Witt (1777–1861)
      2. Jacob Fransz de Witt (1548–1621), Dordrecht regent and mayor, deputy of the states of Holland and Friesland
        1. Frans de Witt († 1610)
          1. Jacob de Witt († 1653), governor of the Coromandel coast

The Dordrecht branch - and thus the direct descendants of Johan de Witt (1625–1672) - died out with Maria de Witt (April 19, 1777 to April 1, 1861).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ De Witt - Genealogy ( Memento of the original from March 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.johndewitt.com
  2. ↑ De Witt on DBNL
  3. ↑ Triomf der Vrede (nl) ( Memento of the original from October 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.triomfdervrede.nl
  4. ↑ Herman Cornelis de Witt on DBNL

Literature (selection)

  • CA van Sypesteyn: De Geslachten De Witt te Dordrecht en te Amsterdam in: De Nederlandsche heraut. Tijdschrift op het gebied van geslacht-, wapen- en zegelkunde jrg. 3 (1886's-Gravenhage; C. van Doorn & zoon)
  • Luc Panhusen: De Ware Vrijheid, De levens van Johan en Cornelis de Witt , Atlas, 2005
  • Herbert H. Rowen: John de Witt - Statesman of the "True Freedom" . Cambridge University Press, 1986, ISBN 0-521-52708-2
  • HP Fölting: De landsadvocaten en raadpensionarissen der Staten van Holland en West-Friesland 1480–1795. Een genealogical benadering. Deel III in: Jaarboek Centraal Bureau Voor Genealogie. Deel 29 (1975 The Hague; Centraal Bureau Voor Genealogie)
  • Jonathan I. Israel: The Dutch Republic - Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall - 1477-1806 Clarendon Press, Oxford 1995, ISBN 978-0-19-820734-4

Web links